The Ontological Foundation Of Realism

Realism is a long-standing literary and art theory, In the early stages of the formation of this theory, It advertised a kind of reflect and description of "objective reality" .However, with self-development of the theory, it is becoming a more positivist approach to deal with the relationship between the "Objective reality" and the "art reflects". Especially deal with the dogmatic materialism, the theory take the theory of reflection as a premise, the value of ideology as a goal, "typical" theory as a model of realism theory. With this kind of political theory and dogmatic approach, realism makes its own can not truly reflect the reality, and miss the self-discipline of art. In this Context, the most important thing is the loss of critical features. The formation of the root causes of this dilemma is the metaphysical mode of thinking in the realism. And theorists like Lukacs, Brecht, Garatldy revised the theory of realism from different aspects of proposed amendments.Lukacs's realism theory is based on the kernel of "totality" principle, and in the "totality", it order to Hegelian dialectics to ensure the creative subjectivity and the self-discipline of the realism art. On this basis, Lukacs request "typical" theory has the temperament of the "totality" principle, he believes that this "totality" to ensure the "human integrity" Also and the essential characteristic of the "humanitarian". Although Lukacs keenly aware of the realism trapped in the epistemological dichotomy among the subject and the object, Lukacs only in the Hegelian dialectic, based on the realistic aspects of the bonding in the "totality" principle, does not address subject-object binary opposition, and even makes realistic further into a "Apocalypse theory".Based on the create methodology, Brecht perspective in order to demonstrate his realism with the kernel of his expressionism and his "class nature". But Brecht's understanding of "class nature" is not from a mechanical reflection, but from the emotional experience of individual perspective. And how to look at the Contacts between Brecht's expressionism and the real concept of his realism theory are also doubts. Garatldy's "boundless realism" has some ontology means. But Garatldy merely pointed out the need to reflect for traditional subject-object dichotomy of realism on the thinking patterns, merely gave the people and the world as some sort of emotional relationship between the general, and did not say how such the relationship occurred. So Garatldy not from the existence of a deep look at realism theory.We had to think from Heidegger's basal Ontology of "Dasein", starting from the dimension of human existence. And link the existence of man to his physical survival. From a person's activity of "Dasein", we could look for "existence" would mean. And from "Dasein" dimension, we could understand the aesthetic activity what is characterized by the premise of the formation of the aesthetic activity. This provides us with a new theoretical approach to understand the Marxist literary theory from the practice ontology: First, from the real life and real-world perspective to understand a man's "perceptual activity" and his existence. Secondly, from the specific social relations and the complex realities of men, we could start thinking of a specific "real human" and the entire history of mankind. Third, Marx's theory of the practice ontology collapse the position of the dogmatic materialism, take the formation of the human's practice and existence as the basic characteristics of "Dasein". Marxist practice ontology offers us the possibility of having fresh looks at the contradiction of the realism theory. And this way,we could laid the foundation for understanding the formation of aesthetic activity from the formation of the contacts between the human and the world. And we could build the basis of discourse to understand the art dynamic process during the creation subject the txt and the reception subject, which is included in the realism.