Chinese And Western Concept Of Early Diplomatic Comparative Study

With the particularity of spatial sense and contemporary time influence, the study of diplomacy about ancient countries becomes a new area in International Politics. Modern countries, as the successor body of ancient countries, have already accepted"legacy"form early states of human civilization. We can find that many traditional ethics and practice models of diplomacy still influence, even guide the behavior of modern countries in foreign affairs. Because of that, diplomatic concepts are being re-discovered, definitions and discussion.At the end of "Axial Age", the two ends of Eurasia had formed the Qin & Han Empire and the Roman Empire, which were similar in periods, territory and population. At the same time, the foreign affairs of major civilizations of Europe and Asia appear from to heterogeneous. The Emperor Han Wudi leaded his empire to have"Zao Kong", which means the beginning of communication with foreign countries initiatively. Augustus was the first Emperor of the Roman Empire. They both reigned long terms, and at that time, respective of the two empires have beyond the Chinese region and the Greek & Roman civilization. The widespread presence of diplomacy cases is the basic of the comparative of this thesis.This study of diplomatic concepts comparison mainly focuses on the various international political actors (especially the powers), resulting in diplomatic practice, research the similarities and differences, as well as different concepts lead different political effects. Meanwhile, through diplomatic practice, countries constantly adjust their diplomatic concepts, in order to better co-ordinate a comprehensive internal and external situation, to achieve domestic and international balance. The discussion of the two empires under the pressure of war and the establishment of borderland policy, relationship between central and local governments are the core parts. Moreover, in the process of the establishment, there are significant differences between East and West, as"Jimi Rouyuan"and"natural borders"in border policy;"inside the extraterritorial"and"outside the extraterritorial"in the relationship between central and local governments. This is a"practice– system– concept"process, at the same time this paper discuss the reverse effect. The major points of this thesis are: first, in early imperial era, China and West organized their foreign relationship with different political aspirations as the above-mentioned, and outlined the Chinese and Western historical trend vertically; second, the process of the formation of diplomatic concepts leading to the dividing line between East and West in diplomatic mode, and the modern pattern of international relations had a profound impact from that; third, understanding contemporary Chinese foreign policy should consider the inertia of history.