On The International Legal Regime Of Nuclear Non-proliferation

Nuclear non-proliferation is the vast majority of countries in the world after World War II recognized the devastating effects of nuclear weapons and long-term radioactive contamination of a huge crisis of human survival on the basis of the conclusions. It is between nuclear and non-nuclear states the result of mutual compromise.On the base of the "NPT" ,gradually formed the basis of the breadth of the nuclear non-proliferation international legal system.Including nuclear non-proliferation international legal system: the cornerstone of nuclear non-proliferation international legal system - "Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty", Nuclear non-proliferation international legal system, an important factor - safety assurance system, strengthen the nuclear non-proliferation international legal system means - nuclear-free zone system,the protection of nuclear non-proliferation international legal system - verification mechanism. Full control of proliferation of nuclear weapons, then the total elimination of nuclear weapons, nuclear non-proliferation international legal system as the core mission."NPT" by the international community to promote, by the United States, the Soviet Union and Britain drafted a treaty on nuclear non-proliferation specialist. As the "Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty" is a product of the Cold War, so there's a lot of deficiencies:does not reflect the fair, just and equal treatment principle, treaty withdrawal, and performance of procedural flaws exist.Meanwhile, the "NPT" ambiguous language exists, to avoid contradictory characteristics. Improve the "Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty" should be added to disciplinary violation to restrict the terms of withdrawal, cancellation of double standard or multiple standards, and enhance maneuverability.Non-nuclear State party to give up the right to manufacture and acquire nuclear weapons, is a nuclear country to provide the appropriate security guarantees for its premise.Security assurances for non-nuclear countries often have negative security assurances and positive security assurances in two forms. The current security system to provide security guarantees to ensure that practice is still very limited, this limitation is mainly manifested in the following two aspects. First, the current security mechanisms to ensure that the content is not yet a full and complete guarantee system; Second, the safety assurance mechanism is not a stable system of universal validity.For a long time, the international community has been nuclear-free zone will be established as to prevent the horizontal proliferation of nuclear weapons and the prohibition of such weapons, the world held in individual districts and a real measure. For the non-nuclear countries, such from the area constitutes an important legal barrier against nuclear weapons.50 years from the 20th century, the emergence of the concept of the zone to this day, the world has established a Latin America and the Caribbean, South Pacific, Southeast Asia, Africa, Central Asia and Mongolia's nuclear-free zone. The establishment of a nuclear-free zone system to improve the nuclear non-proliferation standards, so that security is more reliable.VerificationThe IAEA verification mechanism for the carrier, in promoting the peaceful use of nuclear energy and nuclear weapons programs to prevent the development of the countries have played an important role.At the same time, the verification mechanism has some problems: On the one hand there is the dilemma of objective verification, on the other hand the IAEA's work is not respect for sovereign states, limited the ability of the verification mechanism. To maximize the effectiveness of the verification mechanism, should increase the peaceful use of nuclear energy, the comprehensive safeguards agreement and Additional Protocol as the universal standard of verification.China, as one of the five nuclear powers, to promote the improvement and development of nuclear non-proliferation regime has played an important role. China undertook unconditionally not to non-nuclear countries and nuclear-weapon use or threat of use of nuclear weapons; China actively promotes the nuclear-weapon states on mutual no-first use of nuclear weapons conclusion of a multilateral treaty.Well-run non-proliferation regime, need to establish stable cooperation and mutual trust of the international security environment;Improve international nuclear security mechanism of collective security framework, to strengthen international solidarity and cooperation and joint efforts; Fully respect the right of countries to the peaceful use of nuclear energy, nuclear fuel bank as quickly as possible;Cancel the double standard or multiple standards; strengthen the International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards monitoring mechanisms.