Nuclear Waste Regulation Mechanism Research In China

Since 1970 s, the economy in China has developed rapidly. Meantime, the energy shortage, especially coal shortage and oil shortage, becomes more and more serious. Then various new energies are exploited. Among these new energies, nuclear energy is paid more attention than other energies, because of its cleanliness, high energy and low cost. It can be seen that the nuclear energy plays an important role in worldwide economy development in the future. China also develops the nuclear energy, and its proportion of the energy is becoming larger and larger.The usage of nuclear energy is a double-edged sword. On one hand, it makes great contribution to the economy development; on the other hand, the nuclear waste is harmful to the environment. The Japan’s Fukushima nuclear leak, makes many countries be afraid of the nuclear energy and waste as well as the completion of the supervision mechanism of nuclear waste. With its technology-based, systematic and operability feature, the supervision mechanism of nuclear waste plays an important role in the process of nuclear waste’s supervision, from its transportation, store to detection. Without a completed supervision mechanism, the nuclear waste would be a great threat for the whole country.Now, in China, the researches related focus on the law of nuclear energy as a part of whole law system. In other words, these researches are not in-depth, which is not helpful to the development of nuclear energy. In June 28, 2003, the Radioactive Pollution Control Act was promulgated in the 10 th NPC Standing Committee, which is a solid basis of the development of nuclear energy. In the act, environmental impact assessment, license and radiation monitoring system are very important, which also be carried out effectively. But, there are meltdowns and leaks of nuclear waste appearing in China. The source of these accidents is the lack of related laws, especially the process of supervision mechanism of nuclear waste, such as the lack of atomic energy laws, the unclear liability subjects, lack of supervision in the transportation of nuclear energy, limited ways of people’s participation. In this case, it is necessary to analyze the present laws in China from different aspects and it is meaningful to complete them.The thesis, based on so many literatures, analyzes problems in the process of nuclear energy and foreign experiences, then proposes several ways to complete the related laws and deal with nuclear energy in China. The supervision of nuclear energy is a challenging and difficult project, which can not be completed just depending on domestic technology. The present study also proposes some suggestions about the completion of the supervision system of nuclear energy.