| Under the guidance and protection of our country's policy, State-run specialized export companies had once made great contributions to the rapid development of China's export business. The foreign trade policy has been changed and developed greatly along with the exercise of the policy of economic reform and opening to the outside world. It is to discuss in this thesis how the state-run specialized export companies can overcome difficulties and make great success again in new situation.In the beginning, the thesis briefly reviews the characteristics and shortcomings of our foreign trade system before 1978. Then, the process of foreign trade system reform after 1979 is compendiously described. The right of foreign trade was delegated to enterprises other than state-run foreign trade companies, and thus the country's export business has been expanded rapidly, but, on the other hand, state-run specialized export companies lose their prerogative and fell into difficulties. However, this is a progress so far as foreign trade is concerned. It will lead to a fair and open competition in foreign trade business, and push specialized export companies into the competitive market.The present environment for the state-run specialized export companies is then discussed. With the rapid development of the globalization of the world economy, multinationals come to invest in our country and our industrial firms do business in the international market directly, thus the state-run specialized export companies have been under higher and higher pressure. The economic booms of other developing countries makes their products more and more competitive to our products. But on the other hand, the development of their local market offers us potential export business.Developed countries concentrate their industry in high and new technology, and they import more and more normal products, and it offers bigger and bigger market to China's state-run specialized export companies.And then, this thesis describes the facts of the rapid development of export by joint ventures and our own industrial firms. And the private exporters play a more and more important role in export business, which has placed the state-run specialized export companies in a situation with both challenges and opportunities, but more challenges than opportunities. They mainly face keen competitions in products, market, networks, personnel, management, service and price.Then, a case study of China Ceramics and General Trading Enterprise in which the author works is used as a sample, and by studying its history, business in every stage, experience and lessons, the main problems and the historical reasons by which the problems caused are analyzed. And the recent condition, the disadvantages and advantages of the company are described.The conclusions drawn from this company are similar to other state-run specialized export companies. They have the following characteristics: the trace of planned economy still affects the personnel system; high capital-debit rate make them bear big amount of interests; operating cost is high; bureaucracy still exists; the allocation and prompting policy cannot meet the requirements of market economy.In the meantime, the thesis points out that state-run specialized export companies still have precious resources such as the support of certain government policies, rich experience in doing export business and reliable marketing network. Based on the above analysis, the thesis sums up the advantages and disadvantages of state-run specialized export companies in the competitive market, including qualified personnel with rich experience, good reputation in the world business circle, easy access to the world market information, etc.However, on the other hand, they bear heavy various burdens, low efficiency caused by inadequate administrative structure, high operating cost, poor personnel resource development programs, and poor operation, distribution, incentive systems. In the last chapter, the thesis trie... |
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