Analysis Of The Role Of The U.s. Congress In Its Relations With China After The Cold War

The US Constitution , based on the principle of checks and balances of three authorities , makes the Congress American summit legislation organization and possess comprehensive legislative powers . During its history of 215 years , the Congress plays an important role in American domestic and foreign affairs. In the realm of foreign aflairs, the Congress and President share policy-making powers, which causes the two in the state of intimation and tension. The US Congress has been one of the most noticeable political bodies in the world ever since the end of Cold War , for it is more inclined to get involved in foreign policy-making . As the international pattern has been undergoing ultimate and profound changes, the America's desire to be the world's overlord expands . Comparing with the period of Cold War, the posture of Congress on foreign policy-making becomes more and more active,which counts for undulating Sino-U.S relations in the post-Cold War period of time . What the Congress has done to China , such as passing anti-China motions, has brought about gravely negative consequences. This text mainly discusses the role and effect of the Congress in America's China policy through 3 important issues between the bilateral relations.This text contains four sections.The first section deals with the organization and powers of the Congress. The bicameral U S Congress consists of 535 Congressmen , and its institution is extremely complicated . Though it is organized in accordance with principle of Parties, yet it is in the numerous committees where the legislation work begins. According to US Constitution, the Congress enjoys three essential rights: representing constituency, making laws and supervising President and his administration as well Due to electoral factor, the Congressmen have to attach much importance to his voters'mood and opinions . So to a certain extent, the Congress can be defined to be the representative of popular will; legislation right is the primary right of the Congress. The Congress has four legislation rights. They are as the following : legislation rights in financial field ; legislation rights in the field of national defense and foreign afiairs ; legislation rights in the field of immigration procedure; and legislation rights in the field of examining and approving patents and punishing piracy ; furthermore, the Congress can condition and supervise the President by the means of legislation power Jnancial power , approving power of Presidential designation and impeaching ,and the power of supervising and restricting the President and his administration .After the Cold War, the Congress is more prone to interfere in American foreign policy- making.In the second section, I investigate how the Congress behave in Sino-U.S relations after the Cold War through 3 important problems. In MFN problem, some Congressmen always advancedanti-China motions, suggesting that MFN be combined with some political problems, such as so-called human rights problem, Tibet problem, weapons proliferation problem and so on. All this not only contained the President's Engagement-policy, but also hindered the healthy development of Sino-U.S relations . Although the Congress passed PNTR, there still remain some clauses that interfere in China's internal affairs. In Taiwan issue, the Congress has been vigorously publicized "two China" and "one China one Taiwan " : the pro-Taiwan Congressmen both raise the standard of arms selling to Taiwan and "help" Taiwan enter into some international organizations . What's more, the Congress also hoist the "material relation" between US and Taiwan, which caused the most adverse consequence梩he incident of LJdenghui visiting China. As far as the human rights issue is concerned, the Congress consistently calls for harsh sanction on China . On one hand, it invents false stories about China's human rights , on the other hand , it provokes conflicts in international realm.In the third section ,1 make a thorough analysis on the Congress efiect on Sino-U.S relations. On my h...