Relationship Of The Highway Toll Rates And The Amount Of Road Traffic Research

In toll-road management, tariff standard is a key factor in determining the benefits of road construction. This paper expounds systematically the forming mechanism of traffic volumes and its correlation with all kinds of relevant factors both theoretically and practically. And from the road-users' point of view and through the replacement thinking method, a proper tariff deciding model is proposed on a basis of thorough analysis to the theory and practice of the road tolls in our nation.This paper deals with the following main research activities. The engendering source of traffic volumes and their general influential factors have been presented, and the situation of nowadays highway transportation has been discussed. According to the introduction of traffic distribution theory and classical assignment method, analysis of traffic flow path selection among cities and that of special influential factors for traffic flow on toll highways, initial analysis to the forming mechanism of traffic volume on road sections has been made, and a probability model for path selection has been set up with the maximum-utility theory and disaggregating model.Detailed analysis to impedances on road sections and their functions (especially to three main composing factors of the impedances as cost of time, transport and toll and to the functional relations with traffic loads) was made, at the same time, the relative cost calculating model was set up on the basis of the state-of-art achievements in both international and national researches. Among which, two analytical methods in determining value of time (VOT) of vehicles have been proposed. One is the dispersing analysis method, the other is the time-tariff convertmethod. The latter is a new and practical method in determining VOT of every type of vehicles in the road system proposed in accordance with the real conditions of incomplete basic investigational and statistical data. Systematic analysis to the background, theories and basis on practice has been developed and emphasis has been taken to the analysis of all kinds of influential factors to the tariff. It proves the existence of proper tariff from the mathematic point of view and set up models for calculating the tariff under the ordinary toll-highway and congested traffic-adjusted toll-highway on the basis of the optimized theory.