| Generally, the industrial policy means a serials of policies that intervene industrial activities, so as to remedy and correct the market failure and accelerate the healthy development of the national economy. With the advent of the reform and the opening up to the out-world, a large number of industrial policies have been employed to promote the national economy in our country. In a sense, China is outstanding for her enormous industrial policies. At the same time, theoretical studies on industrial policy have been carried out.From the mid-term of the 1980s to the early stage of 1990s, on the one hand, other countries' theories and experience about the industrial policy were introduced into our country. On the other hand, some questions about industrial policy, such as the main content, main targets, implementing ways and the theoretical foundation, were regarded as the important objects of the study. Moreover, the characteristics and emphasis of the industrial policy of China, as well as the choosing criteria and supporting means of the stem-industry were studied intensively. In brief, the theoretical researches of industrial policy focused on "what the industrial policy is" by the analyzing method of the normal economics in this period.From the early stage of 1990s, the researches of industrial policy were deeply extended. Many achievements were obtained in the study of the industrial structure policy, the industrial organization policy, the industrial technology policy and the industrial region policy. Some of the study fruits have been applied into government practice.Chinese government formulated and implemented a large number of industrial polices after 1978. The formulation and the enforcement of the industrial policy provide rich materials for the researches of the industrial policy, so the empirical study on the formulation and enforcement of theindustrial policy, especially the effectiveness of the industrial policy, are gradually paid much attention by the economists these years.The effectiveness of the industrial policy means, at the cost of implementing expenditure, the realization degree of the industrial policy in a special period. Owing to the various factors, such as the effect of the interrelated macroeconomic policies, the time spending on enforcing the industrial policies, the expense and the negative effect arising from implementing the industrial policies, not all the scheduled targets of the industrial policy can be realized.In this thesis, the analyzing clue of the effectiveness of the industrial policy is as the following:In the first part in this thesis, the various major factors which can exert influences on the effectiveness of the industrial policy, such as the economic mechanism, the government's motive and ability, the combination of the implementing means of the industrial policy, the aspirations of the enforcement institution and the policies' targets designed by the interrelated economic management departments, are studied in detail in Chapter 1. Moreover, the content and the effectiveness of the industrial policies in Japan are introduced in this chapter.Second, the effectiveness of the industrial policy enforced in the household appliances industry in our country is analyzed in specific and detail in Chapter 2-4 in this thesis. It is discovered that, by this analysis, the effectiveness of the industrial policy is not satisfactory to the good degree before the early stage of 1990s. There are several main causes as follows: 1. The guiding principles formulating and implementing industrial policy were not assorted with the increasing microeconomic activities controlled by the market mechanism in our country.Local governments, which had great swelling desirability to develop the local economy and had great swelling power to mobilize the2. economic resources, selectively and symbolisticly implemented the industrial policies when the targets of the industrial policy made by the central government conflicted with the interests of the loc... |
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