| China' entry into WTO is not only a vital step of joining the global economy, but also an important advance of economic globalization. Most developing countries have been adopting the traditional "comparative advantage" as their guiding theory, emphasizing their advantage of cheap labor and resource. China is no exception. As a matter of fact, although our economic development has made great achievement, the economic gap between developing and developed countries is becoming wider and wider. Developing countries' terms of trade is deteriorating, thus forming "comparative advantage pit". This phenomenon impels us to rethink this traditional theory and our trade strategy, correctly understanding and utilizing our comparative advantage, and establishing proper trade strategy.The author's point of view is that, comparative advantage theory is not completely out of date, but only relying on it, we can't make out effective trade strategy. We need new "national competitive advantage" theory to re-programming our economic strategy. Competitive advantage theory neither excludes, nor simply denies comparative advantage, but can be viewed as the expansion and deepening of comparative advantage. In today' knowledge economy, what decides country' comparative and competitive advantage is knowledge competitive ability. Therefore, in the future, national competitive advantage will inevitably be reflected in the form of knowledge advantage. Thus, our trade strategy should focus on how to improve our national knowledge competitiveness.Chapter One analyzes comparative advantage and its limitations. First, it introduces the core content of comparative advantage. In theory, comparative advantage is relatively perfect. But in practice, it can't explain many international trade activities, such as "Leontief paradox". And hence, it analyzes this theory' inapplicability, which results from the change of its premise. Afterwards, it interprets the connotation and classification of comparative advantage.Chapter Two focuses on China' s comparative advantage strategy. Under the guidance of comparative advantage theory, China' trade and economy have made unprecedented achievement. However, with the expansion of foreign trade and the change of international and domestic economic situation, comparative advantage strategy is not as adaptable as before. Afterwards, it analyzes the reason underlying the phenomenon. Thus, we have to adjust our foreign trade strategy, transforming comparative advantage strategy into competitive one.Chapter Three presents the new characteristics of international competition under new international environment. Then, it discusses the practical obstacle of competitive advantage strategy in use. So its application is a gradual process and can't be accomplished in one single step. Virtually in our foreign trade activities, consciously or unconsciously, we have already been using competitive advantage theoretic guidance. Besides, our rapid economic development has created many objective and subjective advantages for the transformation of our trade strategy.Chapter Four tells how to transform comparative advantage into competitive one with economic globalization. First, it analyzes the relationship between comparative advantage and competitive one. The comparative advantage with great competitiveness does not come from cheap labor or resource, but is based on industrial upgrade and technology. Then, in times of knowledge, the new round of competition is focused on high technology, of which the core is knowledge. So knowledge competition will inevitably be embodied in our future trade strategy and knowledge advantage should be cultivated undoubtedly. And then, it talks about the current situation of China' intellectual property protection, which is not yet satisfactory. Therefore, we should establish our awareness to protect our own intellectual property. Many suggestions are given to this issue.During the process of analyzing this old concept of "comparative... |
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