Analysis Of The Democratic Concept Of Rosa Luxemburg

For a long period of time, there have always been international controversies about Rosa Luxemburg herself and her theories. The major focus remains to be the issue regarding the relationships between democracy and centralism as well as the ones between democracy and dictatorship. It is her special identity, growing background and uncommon experiences that contribute mostly to her unique democratic values.With regard to the Party Building, Luxemburg creatively puts forward the idea of "Self-Centralism", which emphasizes the function of mass spontaneity and the Party's reliance on masses' initiative spirits and independent actions. However, she underestimates Party's own consciousness. Therefore, she demonstrates her tendency of worshiping blindly the spontaneity and ignoring the functions of Party's organization and its leaders. In this way, her views towards the relationship between democracy and centralism are one-sided. However, she holds that democratic centralism, as an effective institution, needs to be systemized and quantified in reality. In this respect, Luxemburg's points of views boast scientific values, to some extent.In the political life of socialist countries, on one hand, Luxemburg renders much emphasis on the proletarian dictatorship which is the cause of the whole class. On the other hand, she attaches great importance to the capitalist democratic institution and criticizes Soviet's restriction on democracy. Although her democratic values are unique, there is no applying to contents and forms of the democracy in reality.In Luxemburg's democratic values, freedom is obviously on priority. Freedom, in her mind, can be found in those thinkers who always hold different views and is the most important factor in building the effective public life. Therefore, she advocates to realize people's participation in political affairs by means of open government administration and thorough supervisory institution. On one hand, her freedom values have theoretical and realistic significance to socialist countries. On the other hand, she exaggerates the function of freedom.Luxemburg's thoughts and actions are faced with too many dilemmas. Some western scholars hold that her views are between Bolshevism and Socialist Democratism, namely, "the Third Line". In a final analysis, it results from the interactions of her false judgment and analysis of her then times and environment as well as her firmness in beliefs. As a born passionate revolutionist, she is destined to withdraw from the history stage as a tragedy, although she left her followers many brilliant thoughts.