Thought Of Mencius "benevolent"

Mencius is one of the greatest ideologists, politicians and educationalists in the warring states period of China. His "benevolent government" theory follows Confucius' "benevolent rule" idea, providing China's enfeoffment system with enlightenment and catholicity. The paper will mainly focuses on Mencius' benevolent government theory. It will be divided into five parts.The foreword part mainly focuses on Mencius' life, as well as the economical and political backdrop of the warring states period. With the use of ironware, productivity has developed a lot. Polity has been changed. In order to win in the warfare, every state is willing to fight against each other, so the warring states period is rather turbulent. Dynasts weaken their controlling against clerisies. In the warring states period, different theories are provided by different ideologists.The first part illustrates the ideology background of Mencius' benevolent government theory. Mencius considers himself as Confucius' successor. Confucius' benevolent rule idea suggests that rulers should mix benevolence with strictness. He emphasizes that dynasts rule the society with moral training. Confucius' idea provides Mencius with historical backdrop. The idea background of the Warring states period, the so called "people prefer Yang-tse or Mo-tse" background, and the development of legists, challenged Confucian idea, requiring Mencius to consummate Confucius' benevolent idea.The second part analyses the philosophy basement of Mencius' benevolent government theory: humanity and Uranian idea. Mencius analyses his humanity idea as the following:(l) Men are willing to be kind, just as water are willing to pour down.(2)There is a little difference between mankind and animals. Human nature is the difference between mankind and animals, rather than the difference between sages and ordinary people, thus humanity is the common thing among people.(3)There are compassion, shame , deferential bearing and sense...