Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping's National Chauvinism

National rights are the combinations of state sovereignty and national benefit. Statesovereignty is the foundation and prerequisite of national rights, if a country gives up itsnational benefit, then its state sovereignty just has no meaning. National benefit is thecore of national rights.This text includes three chapters, probering into the national right thought of MaoZedong and Deng Xiao ping.Chapter one has mainly discussed the main content of Mao Zedong's national rightthought: consolidate people's democratic dictatorship newly founded; defend theterritorial integrity of the country and promote the national unity; correctly deal with theinterest relations among country, collectivity and individuals; regard striving for andmaintaining the national benefit as the main basis of the foreign policy making; strivefor national sovereignty and independence at first, then develop and ensure humanrights.Chapter two has mainly discussed the main content of Deng Xiaoping's thought onnational rights: national rights are superior to human rights, object to western countries'interfering into China's internal affairs; promote the unification of the motherland andsafeguard territorial integrity, deal with the interest relations among country,collectivityand individuals correctly; strengthen national capability by developing economy;strengthen the modernization of national defense; regard national fundamental interestsas the supreme criterion to handle international affairs.Chapter three has made a comparing research on Mao Zedong's and DengXiaoping's thoughts of national rights, on this basis, historical enlightenments waselicited. Mao Zedong's country's right thought and Deng Xiaoping's right thought in thecountry have common characters in the following respects: they both inherited anddeveloped Marxism; they both put national sovereignty and independence in the firstplace; they both put emphasis on dealing with the interest relation between country,collectivity and individuals correctly; they both regarded economic construction andnational defense construction as the means to safeguard national rights, and putemphasis on handling their relations properly; they both made great contributions inguiding and driving the consolidation and development of China's socialism.Mao Zedong's thoughts on national rights are different from Deng Xiaoping's in these aspects:Mao Zedong paid attention to safeguarding the security interests of China, while DengXiaoping put more emphasis on realizing the economic benefits of China; Mao Zedongsafeguarded national rights in the way of struggling and forming an alliance, however,Deng Xiaoping defended national rights by way of peace and nonalignment; MaoZedong maintained China should make the country strong first, then made the peoplerich, however, Deng Xiaoping's view was just the opposite. By making a comparingresearch on Mao Zedong's and Deng Xiaoping's thoughts of national rights, the writerelicited four enlightenments: China should give priority to national sovereignty andinterests while developing foreign relations; in the spring tide that is globalized; Chinashould explore new methods to realize national rights actively; the government shouldadopt legal means to regulate the interest relations among country, collectivity andindividuals; Chinese Government should advance the human rights construction on thepremise of insisting on national rights.