Sadat In Egypt And U.s. Relations (1970-1981)

In the 1970s, great changes took place in the international relations. The main character of international relations was that the relation between the United states and Soviet Union changed from confrontation to the detente. In this context, a peaceful dawn appeared in the phantasmagoric Middle East, which was connected with a hero, who was the second president of Egypt—Sadat. This dissertation studies the Egyptian-American relation during Sadat's eleven years. The dissertation comprises the preface, the main body and the conclusions, and its frame is as below:In the preface, the author explains the meaning, the relevant achievements at home and abroad and the main problems of the subject.In the first chapter of the dissertation reviews the Egyptian-American relation before Sadat, and studied Sadat's incline of pro-America, through which we can know that the October war was a necessary and inevitable war, which forced America change its wait-and-see policy toward Middle East. From then on, America started to join in the peace process of middle-east.In the second chapter, the dissertation presents the chilling and worsening relation of Egypt—Soviet and substantive contact between Egypt and America. After the October war, Sadat resolved to discard that incredible friend, which paved the way for America's entrance to Egypt. In the following peace process, America used its traditional policy ---stick and the carrot, through which America bore pressure on Egypt and Israel, at the same time, gave both countries substantive aids. After the prominent diplomat Kissinger's a series of shuttle diplomacies, Egypt and Israel signed some elementary peaceful agreements, and Egypt resumed diplomatic relation with America, though which we can see that the Egyptian--American relation correlated with the peace process of middle-east at the very start. When the peace process fell into stagnancy, Sadat sustained by America again resolved to visit Jerusalem, which brought the great breakthrough for the peace process of middle-east, at the same time, obtained the impetus for Egyptian--American relation.In the third chapter, the dissertation studies the efforts that America has tried to help Egypt sign the peace agreement with Israel solely, and the course that America founded the strategic alliance with Egypt. In the David camp, Carter contributed decisive action to the success of the negotiation between Egypt and Israel, then, he encouraged Sadat to sign the peace treaty with Israel. When Egypt was kicked out of the Arab world, and was isolated by other Arab nations, America gave Egypt vast extensive aids to help Egypt pull through difficulty, which showed the value of America as a reliable friend of Egypt.In the fourth chapter, the dissertation analyzes briefly the character of Egyptian-American relation, and its influence to the middle-east and Egypt.Through studying, the dissertation draws the next conclusions: firstly, the October war is the turning point of the Egyptian--American relation, and Sadat's visit to Jerusalem is another landmark of Egyptian--American relation. Secondly, the main reason that Egypt allied with America was that they need each other for their own benefits, at the same time, the break of Egyptian-Soviet and Egyptian--Arabs relation promoted the Egyptian-American relation. Thirdly, because many differences existed in politics, economy and civilization between two countries, many distrustful factors also existed between Egypt and America. Fourthly, the relationship between Egypt and America brought Egypt and middle-east positive and negative influence, which promoted the peace process of Middle East proceed, however, which also once made peace process fall into stagnancy. Fifthly, the relationship between Egypt and America helped Egypt found the frame of democracy system, and the economy of Egypt develop rapidly, at the same time, made the dependence on foreign countries and the domestic instable factors of Egypt increase. But taking one with another, the relationship between Egypt and America stood the test. To Egypt, America is still the most trustworthy and reliable country. The relationship between Egypt and America is still influencing the peace process of middle-east.