The Effect Of Precise Physical Training With GLUT4 As A Molecular Target On Exercise Capacity In Rats Was Studied

Objective: Sugar is the main source of energy which is required by body’s movement. The critical factor of evaluation for sports ability and recovery speed of sports fatigue is the ability and speed of the glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. As a polar molecule, Sugar can’t supply energy for skeletal muscle directly, and it must take glucose transporters(GLUTs) on the cell membrane as the mediation through facilitated diffusion to supply energy. Glucose Transporter 4(GLUT4) is most important transporter in glucose transporters. The step that mainly limits the speed of glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle is glucose transporter which GLUT4 mediate [1-5]. Per the research of recent years[6], it can increase glucose transport capacity and the running endurance by 44% for mice to absorb GLUT4 gene and activator protein 5-Amino-imidazole-4-carboxamideribonucleoside(AICAR) orally. A large number of researches show that exercise training can interfere with the expression of GLUT4 gene and protein as well[7-15]. We supposed the expression level of GLUT4 gene and protein can be raised and the sports ability can be enhanced by motion stimulus not such kind of drug. Therefore, we designed an experiment comprised of three parts to verify this hypothesis.Methods: In the first part of experiment, this research has selected 10 Wistar rats whose congenital sports ability is strong and the other 10 Wistar rats whose congenital sports ability is poor, and observed that whether the strong sports ability is related with high expression level of GLUT4 in skeletal muscle cells and whether the poor sports ability is related with low expression level of GLUT4 in skeletal muscle cells to illustrate the expression level of GLUT4 in skeletal muscle cells plays an important role in sports ability. Therefore, we tested the sports ability of 40 Wistar rats firstly. Then we selected 10 Wistar rats whose sports ability is highest and the other 10 Wistar rats whose sports ability is lowest to detect their expression level of GLUT4 gene and protein, and verified that there are significant differences by statistically significant test. We verified the relationship between the sport ability and the expression level of GLUT4. In the second part of the experiment, we randomly divided 12 male Wistar rats into three groups, using GLUT4 as the molecular target of endurance training group, traditional endurance training group and no exercise contrast group. In the molecular target of endurance training group, burden swimming with 5~12%G training was done. In traditional endurance training group, no burden swimming training was done. Both of trainings lasted for 8 weeks, 2~3 groups every day, 30~40 minutes every group, 6 days a week. In contrast group, there was no exercise training, just normal diet and water. After the fourth week training, let the rats rest for three days. Then did the sport ability test by burden swimming with 7%G. After the eighth week training, let the rats rest for three days. Then did the sport ability test by burden swimming with 15%G. Then, we took the skeletal muscle tissue to detect the expression level of GLUT4 gene and protein. In the third part of experiment, this research has selected 20 Wistar rats whose sports ability have no difference, and verified that there is no significant difference by statistically significant test. We let these Wistar rats have molecular target of endurance training using GLUT4 as the target and divided them into molecular target of endurance training group and no exercise contrast group evenly in accordance with their sports performance. Then, we let molecular target of endurance training group have the training for which lasted for 4 weeks, 6 days a week, 2 groups burden swimming with 5~12%G every day. The temperature was controlled at 25 to 28 degree centigrade. After the fourth week training, let the rats rest for three days. Then we tested the sport ability of these rats by burden swimming with 7%G.Results: 1.The sports ability of molecular target of endurance training group is increased than no exercise contrast group by 100~128%, and traditional endurance training group by traditional endurance training group by 24~38%. 2.After eight weeks’ training, the expression level of GLUT4 of molecular target of endurance training group is increased than no exercise contrast group by 163.8%, and traditional endurance training group by traditional endurance training group by 35.2%. Although there is no significant difference between molecular target of endurance training group and traditional endurance training group, molecular target of endurance training group has a trend of increase in the expression. 3.The expression level of high congenital sports ability group is higher than low high congenital sports ability group by high congenital sports ability group, and there is significant difference. 4.The Correlation test between sports ability and the value of GLUT4/GAPDH shows that there is a positive correlation between them.Conclusions:1.The strong the congenital sports ability is, the high the expression level of GLUT4 is. Conversely, the poor the congenital sports ability is, the low the expression level of GLUT4 is. This indicates that the expression level of GLUT4 plays an import role in sports ability. 2.The precise physical training using GLUT4 as the molecular target can significantly enhance the expression of GLUT4 gene and protein in Wistar rats’ skeletal muscle cells, and improve their sports ability at the same time. Therefore, the precise physical training using GLUT4 as the molecular target maybe a better training idea and mode to improve the sports ability of Wistar rats than traditional endurance training.