| Gong Zizhen is an outstanding ideologist and litterateur in the late Qing Dynasty.Highly evaluated in the literary world, My Plum Tree Infirmary, an essay created by Gong Zizhen in his twilight years, is a master work that expresses emotions through describing concrete objects. Since 1961 when it was selected to be compiled into teaching materials for the first time, My Plum Tree Infirmary has always been the“regular customer” in various editions of textbooks. However, by systemizing the compilation of this essay in textbooks in a diachronic way, the author finds that this essay is less and less emphasized in various editions of textbooks. Many editions of textbooks published by People’s Education Press and Liao Hai Publishing House used to select and edit My Plum Tree Infirmary but this essay has not been compiled into the currently used editions of textbooks. Of course, instead of sticking to one specific essay, the editor must comprehensively consider the whole set of textbooks, the present studying conditions of students etc. However, as far as the author is concerned,My Plum Tree Infirmary is not a dispensable text without too much value. Therefore,on the basis of sorting out and exploring the text value of My Plum Tree Infirmary, the paper makes a comparative analysis of differences, similarities, advantages and disadvantages of various editions of textbooks in selecting and compiling this essay.Besides, the author also puts forward his/her own teaching strategy suggestions to solve some problems existing in the current situation of teaching, in the hope that this essay can be better applied in Chinese classroom teaching in middle school.The first chapter sorts out the collected document literature and academic papers that help interpret My Plum Tree Infirmary and reviews interpretations of this essay in the academic world. First of all, from the perspective of horticulture, this chapter summarizes the development history of the manufacturing and aesthetic standard of plum blossom miniature garden in China so as to gain a correct understanding of the creation environment and cultural background of My Plum Tree Infirmary. Secondly,from the angle of literature, the paper systemizes different meanings of “plum tree” in classical Chinese poetry works and distinguishes and defines the techniques of expression used in My Plum Tree Infirmary. In the end, starting from the perspective of text, the paper sorts out three creation backgrounds put forward by scholars and summarize researches on the theme of My Plum Tree Infirmary in the academic world.The above three parts help to provide a correct understanding of the main idea of My Plum Tree Infirmary so as to provide theoretical support for this paper.The second chapter is about the comparison of the compilation of My Plum Tree Infirmary into textbooks. The first part summarizes the compilation of My Plum Tree Infirmary in textbooks published by People’s Education Press from 1949 to 2000. The second part grasps the orientation of the teaching content of My Plum Tree Infirmary in five textbooks published after 2000 from four aspects, namely learning stage, unit,annotation and after-class exercise. On this basis, the paper evaluates and analyzes the compilation styles of different editions of textbooks, the merits and demerits of the content, and explores how My Plum Tree Infirmary should be compiled into Chinese textbook for middle school students so as to maximize its value.In the third chapter, the collected 17 teaching cases and designs are analyzed and summarized. The teaching of classical Chinese has always been regarded as one of the three challenges of Chinese teaching in middle school. “What to teach” and “how to teach” are always the two core problems of teaching. Thus, by comparing differences between teachers in setting the teaching objectives and the accomplishment of the teaching objectives, the paper analyzes what the teachers want to teach and what they have actually taught during the practical teaching process. Reviewing some problems existing in the teaching of My Plum Tree Infirmary, the paper comes up with its own improvement suggestions.In the end, by comprehensively analyzing researches done by scholars, value orientation of the teaching material and practical teaching cases, the paper systemizes and extracts common things among the three, compares and filters differences among them, and explores the teaching value of My Plum Tree Infirmary.The paper mainly has the following three innovative points:1.Current researches on My Plum Tree Infirmary mainly focus on its political background while ignore “plum tree”, the target of writing itself. Therefore, in the Review Part, the author introduces the aesthetic value and development of plum tree in the history of gardening and potted landscape, in the hope of comprehensively analyzing the text from various perspectives, namely, nature, culture and literature.2.Due to the differences between vernacular Chinese and classical Chinese,annotation seems to be particularly important in classical-Chinese texts. It is an important helper for students to read and understand the text. With a detailedcomparison of annotations in various editions of textbooks, the paper finds out many differences and some improper annotations. The author selects the correct annotations and improves inappropriate ones, trying to better help students to read and understand the text.3. The technique of expressing emotions through describing concrete objects is the essence of My Plum Tree Infirmary. However, as indicated by analysis of teaching cases of frontline teachers, the actual realization of this teaching objective is quite worrying. Based on this, the author comes up suggestions to improve the teaching.With the help of the interpretation of plum tree from various aspects in the Review Part, the author starts from the internal and external features of plum tree to analyze how the technique of expressing emotions through describing concrete objects is specifically applied in this text. Instead of compulsorily imparting background information into students, teachers should let students grasp the theme expressed by the Gong Zizhen on their own by reading and reflecting on the text. |
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