Study Of The Cognitive Skills Of Knowledge Of The Physics Program

The proceduralization of knowledge is the important process of skill acquisition and it is also the central content for cognitive psychology in problem solving domain. The proceduralization of knowledge is the process of transforming the declarative knowledge to procedural knowledge. And at the same time, the production rules and the production system is the representation of the procedural knowledge. So it has been accepted that the essence of the proceduralization of knowledge is a process during which the production rules and production system are formed, however, the question that in what way the production rules and production system are formed has not been answered well.Three experiments are run in this disquisition to compare two different viewpoints about establishment of productive rules and production system. The first view discuss that all knowledge first came into the system in a declarative form, with practice at using the knowledge in a particular context, production rules would develop, which embodied a procedural form of that knowledge. The second view consider that procedural knowledge can be acquired independent of declarative knowledge. The material A comes from the first view, while the material B comes from the second view.The two different ways of establishment of productive rules and production system and ordinary learning style in class are compared in the first experiment. One of the four classes learns by the first way, one of the four classes learns by the second way, the other two classes are treated as control groups. It shows that two experimental groups get higher courses than two control groups.Two different ways of establishment of productive rules and production system are compared in the second experiment. Subjects are grouped into three grades: excellent middling and bad, according to their original achievements. The result is that the effect of the first way is better than that of the second way in the aspect of near transfer, while the difference is not obvious neither in the aspect of far transfer nor in the declarative knowledge acquisition; all the students can grasp not only the first way but second way, no matter they are good students or learning difficult students.Experiment three is the follow-up one of experiment two. In experiment three, oral reports are obtained from 16 subjects chosen from experiment two. The two different processes of the establishment of productive rules and production system related two different ways are researched on the basis of subjects' oral reports. The oral reports reveal that subjects who learned knowledge by the second way report their thinking more clearly than those who learned knowledge by the first way and that they establish more productive rules as well.