Analysis Of The Pension Problems Of The Rural One-child Families

From the end of 1970s, the China Government started to encourage people to get married late and bear child late to achieve the goal of fewer and better and healthier births; and put forward the family planning policy that it is advocated and encouraged that one couple only bear one child. Under the effect of this policy, the fertility rate was greatly decreased; and with the improvement of living standard and medical environment, the people's longevity has become longer. Under the effect of these two factors, the age structure is tending to be birthrate decreasing and aging which caught more attention than before. With the proportion increase of the old people, the aging situation is a not only social problem but economic problem; also, the child in the only-child family will shoulder more burdens economically, physically and mentally in caring their old parents.In country, the only-child families have their own characteristics, such as frangibility and particularity. Comparing the urban only-child families with the country ones, the old-age caring problem in country only-child families has higher risk. Discovery and analysis of the old-age caring problem in country are helpful to improve the family planning policy, maintain the stabilization and sustainable development of the country society and establish harmonious society of socialism.In 5-10 years, the problem of the old-age caring in country will be the practical problem which the nation, society, family and individual have to face. Via interviews, observation and documents, I designed two different interview outlines for different peoples, they are descendants of country only-child families and the supported peoples. Through the investigation of supporters, I can understand their attitude and behaviors to their parents and what kind of effect caused by their attitude and behaviors on living of their old parents; plus, about the supported people, I can understand their living standard in all aspects; also, I can find the possible problems caused by caring those old parents in the future in the position of parents. At the same time of the investigation, I can collect related documents and statistic materials to the problems.The materials providing for this article will be collected first-hand in Qinggangping Village which is located at the West of Sichuan Province; and the material analysis will adopt qualitative analysis to research possible risks and challenges in aspect of supporting those old parents in only-child families in country. The primary suggestion will be put forward basing on the above materials and information. The main content of this article is as below:1,Formation background of country only-child family and related research introduction.2,I cite Qinggangping Village for example. I adopt two different interview outlines aiming at living standard of parents who are in country only-child families and the child's attitude and behavior to their parents.3,According to the spot research, I analyze the possible risks and challenges which will be faced by the child in the country only-child families.4,The conclusion will be come out basing on the research and analysis; And I will put forward the primary suggestion on solving the problems.According to the spot research, I obtained following conclusion: 1), the main old-age supporting form in country is the family supporting; and inter-generational relationship is mutual benefit and cooperation; 2), the only-child increased the risk of the supported parents; 3), owing to the movement of the young people and living risk, these increased the empty nest situation; 4), the economic and medical problems are the most important problems for the child in country only-child family. Thus, I put forward four suggestions as following: 1), at present, the good rural culture and tradition of respecting the old and supporting the old shall be greatly advocated; 2), the preferential policy for the child in the country only-child family shall be strengthened to set up a suitable social security system; 3), the combined supporting form (the old shall be self-supported and supported by their children) shall be greatly advocated; 4), the function of serving the old people shall be enhanced in country.