Research, Shaanxi Province Schools Comprehensive Practice Course System And Operation Mechanism Construction

With the development of social economy, the educational cause in China is forging ahead since the reform and opening up. The educational cause has made great achievements on one hand, and is possessing deficiency as well as weakness on the other hand, such as over cultivating similarity between students, ignoring individuality, which is an obstacle to develop innovative spirit and practical capability, resulting in the lack or lose the interest of study. This situation is opposed to the requirements of talents in knowledge economy era. With the rapid development of our society in new era, the education has to find developing orientation and leading edge, deepen reform, and undertake the cause of cultivating innovational talents of innovative spirit and practical capability, meet the need of twenty-first century. Under this condition, our country has made the eighth course reform on basic education since the establishment of PRC. The reform aims at construct a new course system of basic education, which is objective to quality education.As a national course, the integrative practical activities curriculum, which has been implemented nationwide almost ten years, is a highlight of this curriculum reform. But due to its high integrated, flexible and self-developed characteristics, the integrative practical activities curriculum is carried out less optimistically in different areas of Shaanxi province. Therefore, this research is based on "operating mechanism" and "institution construction" of the curriculum, with reasons following:firstly, educational administrative structures at all levels influence the schools a lot under our present education system, which means their decisions and conducts may directly impact schools both positively and negatively. Secondly, operation mechanism is a most propellent of curriculum reform. Whether it can be fully carried out is a key to the success of curriculum reform, which is mostly depended on scientific decision. Thirdly, the writer can hardly find research project entitled "operating mechanism and institution construction" by literature consult.Therefore, by the methods of questionnaire survey, interview and literature review, this research has largely investigated the development and implementation of the integrative practical activities curriculum in Shaanxi province, comprehended the developing situation and some problems, and tries to propose some constructive suggestions on operating mechanism and institution construction, with a hope of promoting the level of curriculum reform implementation effectively. This research consists of three parts:Part one, introduction. This part begins with the grand background of reform and opening up, discusses current problems of our education, compares with innovation of international education, and obtains the setting of the integrative practical activities curriculum which is a highlight of curriculum reform, finally proposes research subject and elaborates research situation, defining of relative concepts and explanation.Part two, research on current situation. This research investigates the implementing situation of the integrative practical activities curriculum in Shaanxi province by the methods of questionnaire survey and interview. The result shows that although most middle and primary schools carry out the integrative practical activities curriculum, and preferable developing abilities are showed by few schools with high teaching levels and a batch of experimental schools with research and investment in rural areas, the mechanism construction is less perfect in implementing process, such as lack relative institution guarantee, unreasonable distribution of teachers, unsuitable professional training, and other series problems like misunderstanding of "reform and practice of curriculum" and pressure of exam-oriented education.Part three, policy and suggestion. By literature review and reference for successful experiences of other areas, we believe the guaranteed implementation of integrative practical activities curriculum should be supported by educational management in primary phases, including:firstly, we should establish relative management operation in order to standard and facilitate full implementation of integrative practical activities curriculum. Secondly, we should formulate advancing policy which means developing well-equipped schools first and establishing experimental schools to bring along active development of the curriculum in peripheral schools. Thirdly, we will promote the partnership of universities and middle schools to achieve educational benefits all around. Fourthly, we will supervise teacher training mechanism, promote the quality of teacher training, and advance the pertinence and effectiveness of training in seven aspects, including trainee, goal, content, form, time, trainer and plan. Fifthly, we should form management and security constitution of integrative practical activities curriculum. Apart from local educational supervising department, key schools also should set up relative manageable mechanism institution. Suggestions are as follows: firstly, they should establish manageable mechanism institution of integrative practical activities curriculum, realizing whole-staff and all-directional responsible manageable mechanism. Secondly, they should perfect manageable mechanism of integrative practical activities curriculum, consisting eight constructive institutions, developing institution of curriculum resource, allocation institution of class period, security manageable institution of curriculum, evaluating institution of curriculum, equipping institution of teachers, further study institution of teachers, support to teaching work and new school view. This research is based on integrative practical activities curriculum in Shaanxi province, investigates and analyzes current implantation of curriculums, proposes existing problems, references for existing theories and practical experiences home and abroad, and puts forward suggestions on facilitating full implementation of integrative practical activities curriculum. This research benefits both implementation of integrative practical activities curriculum, fostering the fullness of curriculum setting in our province and provide reference to setting and improvement of integrative practical activities curriculum in other areas of our province.