A Study On The Path Of Social Insurance System In Urban And Rural

In this paper, firstly we clarify the concept of the study, describe the research background, review and briefly evaluate the status of domestic and foreign research on overall urban and rural social insurance system.Then we analyze the great significance of establishing an overall urban and rural social insurance system from political, economic, social and realistic aspects. By insisting on the policy of "the right fair, the opportunity fair, the rule fair" as the main body of social fairness safeguard mechanism proposed by the Eighteen Party Congress, we draw on the “bottom line fair” concept and analyze the essence and specific connotation of overall urban and rural social insurance system. From the perspective of the development trend of new urbanization in China and comparison with foreign country’s study, we give theoretical description of China’s overall urban and rural social insurance system model. It includes a multi-level old-age insurance system( Old Age, Disability and Survivors), a unified basic medical insurance system and a multi-level medical security system; Work injury insurance will cover of all employed urban and rural workers; Unemployment insurance will cover all urban and rural workers and it will be implemented by the exemption and voluntary choice;Maternity insurance will cover all urban and rural workers and the establishment of a welfare system of maternity allowance will put on agenda; Long term care insurance will cover urban and rural residents.As Shanghai, the first area in China which proposes the concept of Balancing Urban and Rural Development and tries to take the positive practice of establishing social insurance system, we systematically review the course of the social insurance system in Shanghai in the last 30 years. We expound the process and background of the development, the transformation and the policy making of the social insurance system in Shanghai within four periods which include planned economy period,System start-up period, Classification construct period and stem integration period.For the first time, this paper systematically introduces the implementation of a series of social insurance system adjustments according to The Social Insurance Law, the Strategy of Shanghai Further Accelerating the Development of Urban and Rural Integration and the latest developments of overall urban and rural social insurance system in Shanghai since the Twelfth Five Year Plan.On the basis of systematic review, the path of urban and rural social insurance in Shanghai can be summarized and refined as one phrase which is called “ steady progress of realizing fairness”. The word “steady” refers to the gradual process of the social insurance system construction. The word “fairness” refers to the main measures carrying out the concept of “right fair, opportunity fair, rule fair and the bottom line fair”. Furthermore, we sum up positive and negative aspects of Shanghai’s experience base on four aspects which are the development stage, concrete measures, safeguard measures and the current deficiency. From the three stages of overall urban and rural social insurance system construction including the stage of cover urban and rural areas, the stage of link up urban and rural areas, and the stage of integration of urban and rural areas, it is demonstrated that the integration of urban and rural areas in China is bound to be a process of increasing from the dispersed to the concentration.We also summarize the seven aspects of the main measures to promote the social insurance of urban and rural areas in Shanghai, which are to achieve universal coverage, to open the opportunity of participation in social insurance, to ensure the link-up between social insurance systems and gradual merger systems, to achieve the continuous insurance systems by insisting on the equivalence of rights and obligations,to strengthen underpinning security, to secure the land protection and implement the following four safeguard measures include financial support, unified management,information system, employment promotion. Meanwhile the insurance policy of migrant rural workers and other social security system have more space to be improved and we also objectively analyze the current problems, such as benefits comparison in different social insurance systems, the less attention of some of the foreign resident population, the imperfect land acquisition and protection system, and so on. All these problems need to be studied and took further research to resolve.Finally, in this paper, we make a prospect and suggestions for the advancement of overall urban and rural social insurance system in Shanghai, the China and as well as other provinces and cities.