Spatial And Temporal Evolution Of Cultivated Land Pressure And Its Driving Forces In Yunnan Province

Land is the fertile soil for human reproduction, carrying human economic and social development, while cultivated land resources is the core component of land resources, it is not only a place raising the human, but also provides an irreplaceable foundation space for agriculture and socio-economic development. The overall quality of cultivated land resources is not high in Yunnan, and low per capita share of cultivated land, with the accelerating pace of economic development, and non-agricultural land using more cultivated land, how to effectively protect the existing cultivated land resources and exploiting untouched arable land resources, efforts to response the national call about adhere to 18 million mu cultivated land unwavering,reconciling the contradictory of relationship between human and land, enhancing the region food security is particularly important.this paper is based on the principle of land scarcity, relationship of human and land theory, sustainable development theory and the principle of intensive utilization of land, explaining the meaning of cultivated land pressures. Using the cultivated land pressure model which is proposed by Professor Cai Yunlong to study sixteen area in Yunnan Province, according to population, frequently-used cultivated land, grain yield, grain acreage and other statistical data over the years to measure the situation of cultivated land pressure from 2004 to 2013 in Yunnan Province, and using software of ArcGIS to map out a space differentiation figure of cultivated land pressure index to describe the situation of sixteen area in Yunnan. In 2013, study found the largest cultivated land pressure index is belong to Kunming, followed by Yuxi and Nujiang, these area has significant pressure on cultivated land; Zhaotong, Lijiang, Lincang, Honghe and Xishuangbanna’s pressure index of cultivated land are located in the range of 0.9-1, the problem of cultivated pressure can not be ignored; and the cultivated pressure index of Qujing, Baoshan and Dehong is less than 0.7, indicating pressure on cultivated land is not obvious; the rest of the region needs to observe the impact of change-related factors, guiding and adjusting the negative factors actively, prevent the loss of cultivated land resources, and strive to reach balanced relations between human and land.Qualitative analysis the factors of driving force leading to pressure index changes on cultivated land in Yunnan, selecting the number of driving factors in human driving force to construct the index system through the comparative study, and in order to sort out the inspection time-series data and cross-sectional data for the standard data constituting the panel data to quantitative research. Using econometrics theories and methods on panel data to build the driving force economic model of pressure changes on cultivated land in Yunnan Province, with Eviews software to calculate the correlation coefficient between cultivated land pressure index and the respective driving force factors, identify major driving factors, and analyze the positive and negative correlation contact between the explanatory variables and be explained variables. The results showed that: the mainly driving force of cultivated land pressure changes in Yunnan Province are gross total population, per capita food production, the total power of agricultural machinery, gross domestic product and industrial production, where the total population, GDP and cropland pressure index was positively correlation, a negative correlation between the remaining factors. Combined with the status quo of the study area and the results of the economic model, putting forward related countermeasures and suggestions to relieve the cultivated land pressure in Yunnan Province.