Based On The Cluster Western Rural Urbanization Pattern

Whereas the enormous population in rural area and the reality that urbanizations have turned into an accelerating stage, rural urbanizations will take on a very important role and will draw more attention from scholars and officials. In Eastern China, "Su-nan model", "Wen-zhou model' "Pearl River Delta model" are three typical patterns of industrialization and urbanization in regional development, as successful examples, they have been followed by many areas. Urbanizations in Western China are confronted with a complex situation: have advantages in rich resources of energy and characteristic agriculture, opportunities in the Exploitation of Western China, but faced with obstructions of weak economy foundations and fragile ecosystem and environment, also have to reduce the big cap from the developed areas, deal with the more and more furious competition circumstance for development. Rural urbanizations certainly will boost the economy development in countryside, also will make good sense for some areas in breaking away from "Vicious Circle" of being poverty and degeneration of environment.On the other hand, researches of urbanizations, especially rural urbanizations have some bugs: researches of Eastern areas are more than that of Western areas, macroscopical comments are more than microcosmic analyses, theoretic discusses are more than demonstration researches. Based on these practical situations and understandings about urbanizations, the author take the "The Model of Rural Urbanization in Western China based on Cluster Initiatives" as the paper's title. Starting from the reality that weakness in industries foundations is a universal problem for small towns in Western rural areas, the author uses the experience of developed areas in Eastern China and the thought of "Cluster Initiatives" for reference, establishes the research in the exploitation of characteristic preponderant resources and the foster of master industries. Based on the demonstration study of examples of Shou-shan town in Meixian County and Wei-feng town in Hu-xian County in Shan-Xi Province, the author manages to design a model of rural urbanization based on Cluster Initiatives.First, this paper analyses and appraises the natural and social-economy backgrounds of rural urbanizations in Western China. Secondly, analysing the games among three main bodies of rural urbanization: government, enterprises, farmers, opens out the drive forces and mechanism of ruralurbanizations. Based on these works, the author makes further studies of small towns-the mainbody and carrier of rural urbanizations in Western China. Next, aiming at the problems of small towns, the theory of Cluster Initiatives, a very popular theory in foreign countries' regionalplanning, is introduced and imported. From the factors of Cluster Initiatives, and the advantages of characteristic preponderant resources in Western rural areas, the author designs a general model of rural urbanizations in areas which have industrial clusters or those who have the feasibility ofgiving birth to clusters. Also, corresponding measures are put forward. At last, two examples------tile-making machine industry in Shou-shan town in Meixian County and paper-box production inWei-feng town in Hu-xian County in Shan-Xi Province------are been studied as demonstrationresearches about rural urbanizations pushed by industrial clusters, two corresponding models and some measures are brought forward, which reflect the characters, actualities and points of breakthrough in future development.Conclusions of this paper can be summarized as follow :i. The most important obstruction for rural urbanizations is absence of support from industries in small towns, moreover, lack of capital, low quality of farmers, some limitations in institution and system, such as registered permanent residence and social security, inapposite orientation of local government, also have negative influences.ii . The games among government, enterprises, farmers are studied, the aims, conflicts, interactions of three main bodies in rural urbanizations are presented, views are summarized: governments should play an important role in rural urbanizations, eliminate institutional obstruction and reduce the cost of farmers' migration from rural areas to urban areas, build a nice surroundings for the development of enterprises, attract more ecdemic investors, iii. Take the experience of developed areas in Eastern China and the practice of "Cluster Initiatives" for reference, a general model for rural urbanization which is pushed by industrial clusters is designed, the author holds the view that this model will impel the urbanization in rural areas.iv. Based on two examples------tile-making machine industry in Shou-shan town in MeixianCounty and paper-box production in Wei-feng town in Hu-xian County, two typical models are built up for rural urbanization, orientation and main works for local governments are suggested, also some constructive advices for institution reformation.