The Study On Co-Governance Model Of Urban Environment In China

With the acceleration of urbanization process and the awakening of public environmental awareness, urban environmental management issues become increasingly prominent. Although the state has implemented various policies and measures to coordinate social, economic and environmental development, yet the urban environment has not been resolved effectively. The drawbacks of current urban environmental management system and model are obvious. Environment management models based on government order, marketing or economic measures, and the spontaneity of civil society are often difficult to achieve the optimal integration of management resources, and there are different degrees of failure on efficiency or effectiveness of urban environmental management.In the 90s of 20th century, the governance theory has been extensively and successfully applied to public administration affairs, which has brought revolutionary changes to governance agent, governance method, governance structure and purpose and also changed the urban environment governance model. Our co-governance model of urban environment is to adapt this theoretical paradigm revolution and continued development of civil society. The focus and goals of this model is to address urban environmental issues under the auspices of the Government. Ultimately, this model can make multiple agents form positive interaction and effective cooperation to ensure the sound development of the urban environment by guiding companies, non-governmental organizations, the public and experts to participate, making use of various management tools to form the upper and lower interaction and a platform of sharing resource for cooperative governance. Co-governance model of urban environment with a diversity of characters, such as multi-agent, network structure, diversity tools and interactive direction, is the result of application of governance theory, "public goods" theory and stakeholder theory in urban environmental governance in China.In this paper, co-governance mechanism of urban environment is mainly constructed in these ways. In the level of incentives, environmental public interest is both the starting of promoting governance agents to cooperate actively and the ultimate goal to achieve the goal of governance. Cooperative conscious and mutual common will become the source of motivation and incentives of co-governance of urban environment. There are three contents in the security mechanism level:the mutual recognition of legal rights, mutual commitment on trust and the interdependent network. They promote the communication and information sharing between the governance agents, which is helpful to ensure the effective governance of urban environment and maximize the benefits of cooperation. In the control mechanism, system supply and the supervision of environmental cooperation clear the main responsibility of agents and protect their interests, which can avoid low efficiency of the governance. Institutional link can make sure the governance agents to fulfill their responsibilities and cooperate effectively.Our co-governance of urban environment not only needs the government to play a "meta-governance" role, but also requires active participation of environmental organizations, companies and citizens. Because the construction of these factors is step by step, our co-governance model of the urban environment also needs to be advanced in phases and levels. According to the relationship between agents, the Government's position in the urban environmental governance, the agents' consciousness, the exchange of information and complementary function, cooperative governance of urban environment can be subdivided into three stages:loose participation, collaborative service, and institutional cooperation. The development and promotion of our co-governance model of the urban environment needs the government to uphold the public merit, get rid of departmental interests, foster the development of non-governmental organizations, expand political participation channels for citizens and increase the capacity of agents' consciousness and political participation enthusiasm. The development of these factors will promote the sound development among society, economy and environment and will construct the co-governance model of the urban environment, in order to effectively address governance problems of urban environment.