| Hangzhou White Chrysanthemum Morifolium is composite Chrysanthemum Morifolium Ramat's dry capitulum. In this paper, the volatile oil in Hangzhou White Chrysanthemum Morifolium was extracted by four methods and the experiment was studied by the orthogonal and Box-Behnken design, and the optimal extraction condition of four methods was defined applying with the analysis of variance and RSM. The chemical composition of the volatile oil extracted in four methods under the optimum extracting condition was analyzed using GC/MS method, and then the volatile oil of the optimum extracting method was analyzed by pyrolysis-GC/MS,at last the volatile oil was applied to the research of cigarettes as a tobacco flavoring. Its main conclusions are as follows:1. The volatile oil was extracted by steam distillation, variance analysis results showed that the factor A (fineness) and D (distillation time) on the yield of volatile oil were significantly affected, the factor B (soaking time) and C (amount of water) had no significant effect on the results. The optimal extraction condition determined by the orthogonal experiment was: fineness 80-100 mesh,soaking 10h,amount of water 15 times,distillation 13h. The volatile oil was yellow-green and had Chrysanthemum Morifolium aroma,the yield was 0.555%.The volatile oil was extracted by simultaneous distillation extraction method (SDE),variance analysis results showed that the factor B(solvent volume)and factor C(fineness)on the yield of volatile oil were significant affected. The optimal extraction condition determined by the orthogonal experiment was: amount of water 700mL,solvent volume 35mL,fineness 80-100 mesh. The volatile oil was buff and had special aroma,the yield was 0.451%.The volatile oil was extracted by flash-type extractor, and then analyzed by single factor test, Box-Behnken experiment and response surface analysis,at last determined that the optimal extraction condition was: voltage 200V, solid to liquid ratio 1:12, extraction time 45s. The volatile oil was tan solid form and had light aroma,the yield was 1.902%.The volatile oil was extracted by ultrasonic-assisted methods, by single factor test, Box-Behnken experimental study and response surface analysis, the optimal extraction condition of the ultrasonic-assisted methods was: ultrasonic power 80W,ultrasonic time 30min, ultrasonic temperature 50℃,extraction times 2 times. The volatile oil was yellow viscous oil and good special flavor,the yield was 4.135%.2. The four extraction methods of volatile oil of the total main components contain alcohols, olefins, alkanes, esters, ketones and so on. The volatile oil had menthol, Bornyl acetate,α-Bergamolene, 6 - methyl -5-heptene -2-ketone, and other important aroma chemical composition. It is the combination of flavor that forms the characteristics of volatile oil of Hangzhou White Chrysanthemum Morifolium. Comprehensively considered the appearance, flavor, yield and GC/MS analysis results of volatile oil ,at last treated the ultrasonic-assisted method as the optimal extraction method, the process condition provided reference data for industrial production.3. The volatile oil in Hangzhou White Chrysanthemum Morifolium extracted by the optimum method was applied to the experiment of single and formula tobacco flavoring, the result indicated that the taste of cigarette could be improved and modified, in proper level of volatile oil. At the same time it had the function of reducing stimulation, and removing the offensive odor. But the optimal supplementation was different at single tobacco in different areas, the optimal supplementation of Nanyang in Henan, Yanbian in Jilin(C3F) were 0.15%-0.25% and 0.15%-0.40% respectively. The volatile oil was added into formula tobacco leaves as a flavor, it could improve smoking quality of the cigarettes, the optimum content of the two cigarette brand"Hongqi Qu"and"Changbai Shan"was 0.15%-0.25% and 0.15%-0.40% respectively. The volatile oil had little effect on flammability and the gray of the two cigarette brand. |
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