Study On Synthesis, Properties And Applications Of Polyisobutylene Succinic Acid Alkylol Amine Emulsifier

Polyisobutylene succinic acid alkylol amine is a kind of new emulsifier, with the polyisobutylene long-chain as lipophilic group and hydroxyl as hydrophilic group, which are connected by chemical bonds. With strong emulsifying power, this emulsifiers could improve the storage stability and detonation performance of the emulsion explosives. In this paper, polyisobutylene succinic acid alkylol amine is synthesized by the reaction of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride(PIBSA) and alkylol amine. The influence factors of the reaction are studied, Infra-red spectrometry was used to analyze the structure of the product. The parameters of emulsifying power, the ability to reduce the interfacial tension were also measured and compared with polyisobutylene succinimide; also the application of the emulsifier in emulsion explosives and lubricating oil additives were studied.According to the results obtained, the disubstituted product was obtained under the conditions of:reactants molar ratio n(PIBSA):n(triethanolamine)=1:2, reaction time of 4 h at 140℃, under the protection of N2. The hydroxyl value of the product reached 117.2 mg KOH/g. IR analysis indicated the product as an ester which contains a small amount of carboxylate. The emulsifying power, efficiency of emulsification, emulsion stability, and the ability to reduce the interfacial tension are better than that of polyisobutylene succinimide. The detonation velocity of the emulsion explosive which contains the product reaches 5102 m/s, Scanning electron microscopy analysis indicated that the latex particles are small and distributed uniformly. After 15 cycles of high and low temperature tests, the emulsion explosive still showed pleasant quality. The sludge spot distribution test reached 80.5 when the product was used as lubricating oil dispersant.The reaction of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride and alkylol amine showed that the product of triethanolamine-based mixed alkylol amine and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride possesses strong emulsifying power of 60 min of 3 mL oil phase separating time, and could lowered the oil-water interfacial tension down to 5.4 mN/m. The detonation velocity reaches 4902 m/s when the emulsifier was added into the emulsion explosives. The reaction product of diethanolamine-based mixed alkylol amine and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride can be used as lubricating oil dispersant, the sludge spot distribution test reached 85.0, which is better than that of polyisobutylene succinimide.