| Solar automatic tracking technology such as trajectory tracking,photoelectric tracking and hybrid tracking can effectively improve the efficiency of solar power generation.The sensor is the core component that determines and affects the tracking characteristics of the power generation system.The traditional sensor has a narrow tracking field.The tracking accuracy is not ensured and the price is expensive.Therefore,the development and design of high-performance new sensors is of great significance.In this paper,the solar tracking system control device is taken as the research object.The solar tracking system is designed by combining the trajectory tracking and photoelectric tracking.The triangular desktop photoelectric tracking sensor is also proposed and the software and hardware design is carried out.The field of view of the sensor and the intensity characteristics of the focused spot are studied.The system test platform is built and the tracking field range and tracking accuracy are studied based on the solar tracking system of the triangular edge photoelectric tracking sensor.The main research work of this paper is as follows:Firstly,in order to realize the wide-range tracking of the sun and improve the tracking efficiency and tracking accuracy,this paper designs a solar tracking system combining the trajectory tracking and photoelectric tracking with the observation of the sun tracking mode.At the same time,a three-sided desktop photoelectric tracking sensor is designed and its structure and the working principle of the coarse-precision tracking module are expounded.The signal sampling circuit and specific structural parameters of the sensor coarse-precision tracking module are designed.The realization of the two functions of the trajectory tracking and photoelectric tracking will improve the stability and reliability of the control system.Then,by establishing a mathematical function between the solar light intensity received by the three photoresistors and the incident angle of the solar ray,the field range characteristics of the sensor are analyzed.The intensity characteristics of the focused spot of the sensor are studied based on image segmentation and edge detection techniques.It is concluded that the field of view of the height angle direction of the sensor is between90~90-?(10)? and the field of view of the azimuth direction is between 180~180-?(10)?,which can effectively avoid the problem of tracking target loss;by boundarying the focused spot image with different light intensities Contour extraction,the effective incident angle range is1~1-?(10)?,the focus spot intensity value is larger,the boundary contour quality is higher and the tracking accuracy of the sensor can be ensured.Finally,a system test platform consisting of a three-sided desktop photoelectric tracking sensor,test device,dual-axis tracking device,high-angle DC motor,azimuth DC motor,PC,etc.is built to track the tracking field range and tracking accuracy of the system.Experimental research,experimental data shows that the height angle field of the system is between90~90-?(10)? and the field of view in the azimuth direction is between 180~180-?(10)?,which can realize the omnidirectional tracking of the sun.In the fine tracking mode,the tracking error of the system is between 5.1??,it can meet the tracking accuracy requirements of the solar tracking system control device,and the sensor can use cheap photoresistor and photocell as the photosensitive component.The designed system test device will help relevant scholars to conduct more in-depth research in this field. |
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