The Design And Implementation Of The Comprehensive Solar Tracking System

Nowadays, the energy crisis problems of human society have become increasingly prominent with the increasing depletion of fossil energy. Meanwhile, numerous environment problems caused by large-scale adoption of fossil fuels are also always haunt people.However, the solar energy as a renewable energy source, its exploitation and utilization process will not cause any pollution to the environments, which has been roused the world's attentions and concerns greatly. Solar energy has its own dispersion and intermittent properties that blocked the exploitation and utilization procedures. Based on this, the dissertation studied the solar tracking system and the relate research results show that the solar collection efficiency would increase by 30% to 40% through adopting the designed solar tracking system.The dissertation designed and developed an FPGA_based core controller solar tracking system based on the in-depth study of conventional tracking system schemes. Specifically, the designed solar energy tracking system is comprise of the Altera EP1CQ240C8 chip as the core controller, the S066A-type four-quadrant photoelectric detector as the photosensitive component, and the clock, accelerometer, magnetic, GPS etc. as the external measuring devices, which complete the measurement and control of the tracking system completely.Furthermore, the study combined the photoelectric tracking mode and the trajectory tracking mode, also designed the data processing algorithm that could improve the tracking accuracy of the tracking system and has better anti-interference ability.The main works of the dissertation are as following:Firstly, the dissertation presented the overall system design scheme of the study. The study conducted the design and implementation of the tracking system controller,measurement mechanism and actuator. More specific, FPGA core controller design; external measurement component design including photoelectric detector circuit design, accelerometer design, magnetic sensor and GPS receiver component design; And the actuator including tracking system stepper motor chose and its driver design, the tracking system mechanical structure design. After that, the study provided the overall power network design of the tracking system.Secondly,the dissertation conducted the tracking system control algorithm design.Including the discussion of solar trajectory calculation formula by adopting vector method,and obtained the computation formulas of solar elevation angle and azimuth angle at the arbitrary times. And then, the study supplied the solar light position computation algorithm with output signal of the four-quadrant photoelectric detector. At last, the researchers designed the digital low pass filter and provided the computation algorithm of the tracking system.Next, the dissertation designed the software of the tracking system, which includes FPGA soft core development in SOPC Builder; IIC bus communication soft core development with hardware description language Verilog HDL; implementation the tracking system functions by programming the code to each component in Nios II IDE (development environment); And eventually complement the overall tracking algorithm in the designed tracking system.Finally, the researchers conducted the validation experiments with designed system. The validation studies show that the designed solar tracking systems could tracking the solar light direction properly and has certain anti-interference ability, which have actual engineering application values.