The Design And Development Of Photovoltaic Orientation Tracking Equipment Of Solar Energy

As a green, clean and sustainable development energy, solar energy has been becoming the new energy source that countries in the world make their efforts to explore and develop. But there are some flaws of solar energy itself which limits the use and development of solar energy. Research of solar photovoltaic tracking control system contributes to improving the efficiency of solar energy utilization and promoting the development of photovoltaic industry as well as easing energy pressures.According to it, this paper presents a dual-axis sun tracking control system based on column, and from the following aspects the research work is done:(1)Design of mechanical structure of the tracking apparatus, mechanical part is used to improve the efficiency of the solar energy. This paper presents a dual-axis column tracking device comprising two degrees of freedom.There are two angles available in tracking the sun, namely azimuth angle and elevation angle. The azimuth angle is controlled by a stepper motor and the elevation angle is controlled by an electric putter. Control section is used to improve the tracking accuracy which combines two tracking methods:tracing of the trajectory of the sun and photoelectric tracking.(2)Design of hardware circuit control module. A modular design of hardware circuit is made to meet the functional requirements for the mechanical part and the control part, including signal processing circuit, LCD display circuit, interrupt key circuit, current detection circuit, GPS information receiver circuit, limit circuit, maximum power tracking circuit, electric putter drive circuit. The calculation methods of sun trajectory tracking is studied, and the specific strategy about optical tracking mode is given. The software design system includes the main program of automatic sun tracking control system,subroutines of tracing of the trajectory of the sun, subroutines of photoelectric tracking, maximum power point tracking routines and realizing the function of each module. Tracking the solar elevation angle and azimuth angle, drive actuators rotate. This paper presents the main reason of tracking system error’s generation and proposes an improvements for the system.Through the above research work, the design of solar tracking control system is basically completed. The practical result shows:The control system is stable and reliable. It’s sure that within the tolerance limits, the solar panels and the sun’s rays remained vertical. Automatic tracking of the sun’s rays in all-weather is realized and the receiving efficiency of solar is improved.