Study Of Fruit Mulberry (Morus Spp.) Germplasm Resources

Fruit mulberry (Morus spp.), grown as a perennial tree or shrub, is a kind of mulberry used for fruit production, belonging to Moraceae, Morus. Traditional varieties mainly used for the leaf production, with few and small fruits which is rich in nutrition and a variety of health care function. In this study, 15 excellent general promotion of fruit mulberry germplasm resources'identification and classification were studied by the method of morphological and RAPD molecular markers with the wide use of Q and R cluster analysis, principal component analysis methods. The main results are as follows:1. The study of morphological characters of fruits. The length diameter among 15 fruit mulberry resources ranges from 13.12 to 29.55 mm; the horizontal diameter is 8.05~12.73 mm; the fruit weight is 0.30~2.25 g; the average weight ranges from 0.60 to 2.00 g. The fruit color of'Lv shen zi'and'Bai yu wang'is ivory, while others is purple or violet black. Over all,'Bai yu wang'is the best.2. Morphological study of plats. According to the Q cluster analysis of fruit mulberry germplasm resources, all of the resources are divieded into 3 types at 5.39 of euclidean distance:'Tai wuan 72C002','Tai wuan 46C019'and'Ning xia hong'are clustered in the first group;'Yi chuan hong','Bei fang hong','Hong guo 1','Lv shen zi'and'Bai yu wang'are the second; while the rest of resources are the third group.'Bai yu wang'is separated from the second categories, when euclidean distance is 4.04. Throughout the study materials, the relationship between'Hong guo 2'and'Tian sheng 1'is the closest, of which'Tai wuan 46C019'and'Da shi'is the farthest. Fruit mulberry germplasm resources'genetic background is relatively rich. Through the R cluster analysis of fruit mulberry germplasm resources, finding that the selected 22 characters have certain correlation. The principal component analysis shows that the classification of fruit mulberry germplasm resources mainly references to the differences of leaf morphological characters, with the internode merits, vice buds and female's style. Then the result may be more reliable.3. RAPD analysis. The genomic DNA can be effective extracted by advanced CTAB. 20 primers were screened. A total of 232 bands were produced using 20 random primers. Of them, 178 bands showed polymorphism, the average proportion of polymorphism is 76.7%. The genetic similarity coefficients were estimated according to the amplification of PCR and ranged from 0.6207~0.8707, it is indicated that there are genetic differences among the cultivars. Cluster analysis based on the genetic similarity coefficients shows that'Ri ben hu cheng'and'Ning xia hong'were separated from other 13 samples at GSC(Genetic Similarity Coefficient) of 0.71; And at GSC of 0.73, the rest of 13 samples were divided into there groups: The first category includes'Tai wuan 72C002','Bei fang hong','Hong guo 2'and'Yi chuan hong', the second category is the'Da shi','Hong bao shi'and'Ao yu', the remaining species is the third category. According to the amplications, fingerprints were constructed.4. Both methods are consistent, and RAPD is an important supplement for the classical study.