The Response Of Growth And Yield Of Tricholoma Matsutake To Temperature And Precipitation

The Tricholoma matsutake is one kind of the famous and marketable wild edible mushrooms, and it can not be completely cultivated so far. The biology and ecology characteristics of matsutake mushroom are not well understood compared with its economic value. In this study, three field sites in Yunnan Province were chosen in order to monitor the fruiting pattern and annual meteorological change seperately, based on time and spatial scale. We investigated the fruiting time and the yield of Tricholoma matsutake that born in the same producing area of Baoshan Haitang from 2001 to 2010 and made statistical analysis of the relationship between fruiting time, yield and meteorological factors, mainly focused on the impact of average temperature, accumulated temperature and precipitation on the fruiting time and yield. For spatial scale analysis, we compared the fruiting pattern among the three study sites and explored characteristics of meteorological factors that are closely related to the fruiting.According to the data analysis of time scale, it is found that the relationship among the time of the rainy season beginning, the maximum temperature in May and the first fruiting day was positive significant (p<0.01). The first fruiting day showed significant negative correlations with the accumulated temperature in December last year and precipitation in May (p<0.01). The relationship between the fruiting duration and the number of precipitation days in July was also positive significant (p<0.01). The fruiting duration showed significant positive correlations with the accumulated temperature in August, September and October, accumulated temperature and total precipitation from January to October (p<0.05). The last fruiting day showed significantly positively correlations with precipitation in March and maximum temperature in May and June (p<0.01). The total fruiting number showed a significant positive correlation with average temperature in August(p <0.05) and a significant negative correlation with the number of precipitation days in August (p<0.05). The relationship between the average temperature in August and the number of mushroom due to diseases and insect pests were positive significant (p<0.05), and the number of mushroom due to diseases and insect pests showed a significant negative correlations with accumulated temperature in August, September and October(p<0.05).Based on the data analysis of spatial scale, it is found that the starting date and peak of fruiting varied across the study sites. In Yeri Village of Diqing County, the fruiting started earlier and showed a single condensed peak. In contrast, for Haitiang in Baoshan City and Qingcaitang in Chuxiong Prefecture, the fruiting was scattered over a longer period of time and presented 3 fruiting peaks. The growth function (the pileus diameter, stipe diameter and height) of the fruiting bodies followed nonlinear regression models respectively. By analyzing the meteorological factors, it is found that high temperatures shortened the survival duration of the fruiting bodies, whereas in contrast, the opposite pattern is found for humidity. Furthermore, soil temperature may be important for fruiting initiation.