Qing Dynasty Yunnan Plague Environmental History Research

Yunnan, as a frontier ethnic region, its unique geography, climate, and complex natural environment, also the highlighted national situation resulting in the plague in the long-term presence in the region relying on natural foci of infection, and under certain conditions induced the formation of human epidemic. The ravages of the plague had a tremendous impact to the social development of Yunnan, and the social development of Yunnan also affected the incidence and prevalence of the plague.The paper will study the Plague in Yunnan in the Qing Dynasty from the environmental point of view of the history. Through the level of identification on the "Big Epidemic," "Plague", "Epidemic" in historical documents, the paper will discuss the peer relationship between "Epidemic" and the Plague in the historical documents, and will explore to identify the Plague conditions in the external environment; Combing the characteristics of the Plague incidence and prevalence, and its distribution from the 22ed year of Kangxi to the last years of Guangxu of Qing Dynasty in Yunnan. On this basis, the paper proposes the Plague prevalence were affected by the local natural environment in Qing Dynasty in Yunnan. Showing features on a natural plague foci triggering the Plague's popular in similar regions.The paper also discusses highly developed society of Yunnan in the Qing Dynasty. We will find out while human nature did transform nature, but also changed the area conditions of the natural environment where was based by the Plague epidemic existence. The change of the Plague regions also changed the natural and social environments in Yunnan. These results indicated that the existence of natural foci was the basis and the social development was the driving force for the prevalence of plague in Yunnan in the Qing Dynasty.From above all, we think the relationship between plague prevalence and the environment of Yunnan in Qing Dynasty was that the natural environment of Yunnan Province, was affecting the plague of these environmental diseases'incidence and prevalence; and environmental diseases prevalence of the human experience in environmental awareness and health promotion also played a role in human's development. Yunnan's ethnic environment with features that some of the customs of ethnic minorities in Yunnan, is a powerful disease incidence and prevalence of human social factors. Finally, it revealed in the process of the endemic plague, the plague gradually was changing from a single disease to the environmental disasters in Qing Dynasty in Yunnan.