A Brief Research On Tang And Song Dynasty Capital City Planning And Design Changing

Tang and Song Dynasties are the transition period of China's feudal social system. This transition is reflected in the following ways:political system, economic system, ideology and culture, urban construction, the military system, and many other areas of daily life. One of the most important aspect of transitions is in Tang and Song Dynasty. Through studying the evolution of the Tang and Song Dynasties, We can get the changes in the social sphere.The process of transition begins in the mid-Tang Dynasty; it gets through the Five Dynasties and ends in the late Northern Song Dynasty. Tang and Song Dynasty capital of regulation changes are mainly manifested in the three cities from the Tang Dynasty capital of the Song Dynasty stacked into a three-phase sets of the city, and Fang from the closed system into an open city street system. Tang Dynasty capital of Chang'an by the Imperial City, Miyagi and outer city stacked three-city, of which the Imperial City and the northern part of Miyagi in the middle of the city; the city to Gate Avenue to the central axis, symmetrical layout; concentrated in the City Square Guo outside the city, and in the early Tang Dynasty, a strict management system. However, due to the development of commodity economy and the increase in urban population and many other factors, the closed system of self-Square City since the mid-Tang Dynasty signs of a crash, first of all this change started from the shop outside the city, and then the gradual emergence of the invasion of Street, and finally the development of for the night market there. But the end of the Tang Dynasty, although the closure of the Square City system, but did not completely loose the collapse of the old system is also demonstrated in the face of shocks a social inertia. The late Tang and Five Dynasties period, the separatist Military for their own development needs of the city where many of its re-planning and development, have built new city, so this period presents the local cities and more sets of two-phase pattern of the city. In this process, the Later Zhou Dynasty King Sejong the most typical extension of Kaifeng Dongjing, and the expanded capital of Kaifeng greatest impact on future generations. The series of measures taken to City Square to the old closed system of tremendous impact, promotion of the city industrial and commercial development, making the capital of Kaifeng city government formed a three-phase sets of the pattern. Song after the King Sejong in the Dongjing city is developed on the basis expansion, the formation of the Imperial City, the inner city, outer city walls and triple sets of triple-phase pattern of the moat. Crescent City, the ultimate collapse of the system at this time, this gradual process is focused on the performance of a closed municipal system had ceased to exist in the early Northern Song Dynasty, and then Tokyo's Square, also disappeared in the Song Shenzong wall between Xining, the last night to the Northern Song Dynasty ban system was abandoned, and the open streets rose widely. Northern Song became an open prosperous industrial and commercial city. The capital regulation is inherited by each generation, such as Yuan, Ming and Qing.Finally, the author preliminary analyzes the reasons for the collapse of Square City system.