The Causes Of The Beiyue Worship Changing In Ming And Qing Dynasties And Its Impact On The Local Society In Hunyuan

"Affairs of state,worship and military matters." The Northern ritual,as an important part of the ritual culture of China, has last for a long time and every dynasty follows. However, from the middle of Ming dynasty to the early Qing dynasty, there was a debate on the location of the Beiyue worship within the ruling class for many times. The question of the controversy is whether to worship Beiyue in Quyang or in Hunyuan. This protracted controversy was eventually ended by changing the worship place to hunyuan.But people are still in the depths of confusion in why this debate would happen, and there are opposite decisions in Qing and Ming dynasty.This article focuses on the change of the Beiyue worship place in the Ming and Qing and analyses the relevant historical facts of Beiyue in the Ming and Qing through studying historical documents such as the classics, history, inscriptions, poetry and related academic papers, combined with fieldwork, in order to explore the reasons behind and its influence.The question of the change of the Beiyue worship place actually includes the re-identification of Beiyue and the change of the Beiyue worship place.This reflects a historical process that the Hunyuan Hengshan is as a worship mountain from local beliefs to local worship and then rise to the national worship. In addition, since there are few studies on the influence of the problem before, The article will also expect to be able to do some useful supplement on this. Therefore, the structure of this paper is divided into the following chapters:The first chapter describes the process of the rise of the Hunyuan Beiyue before the middle of Ming and analyses its causes. Taoist forces and the local forces in Datong promote the rise of the Hunyuan Beiyue saying. The Taoism power operated the Hunyuan Beiyue saying through the re-identification of Beiyue and the Taoist shaping and promoting the construction of the temple of Beiyue.The local forces in Datong prayed to Hunyuan Hengshan in order to avoid natural disasters and get military victory and so as to ensure the stability of people's lives and Datong border peace. With the nature worship and military beliefs to Hunyuan Hengshan, the Hunyuan Beiyue saying had a more and more huge impact.The second chapter reviews the history of the worship dispute from the middle of Ming to early Qing and analyses its causes. First, it outlines the development of the controversial process and their results in general by showing the requirements of Wensheng Ma in Hongzhi period, Fei Chen in Jiajing period,Laigong Hu in Wanli period and Bensheng Nian in Shunzhi period.Second, it analyses the main reasons that contributed the change from two aspects:getting the support from Beijing officials, including the efforts of the Datong officials and the influence of Confucianism on the emperor and the literati.The third chapter analyzes the impact on the Hunyuan local society since the change. After the change, the Hunyuan Beiyue worship rose to the national worship and has become more and more prosperous. At the same time,the Hunyuan local temple culture brought by the sacrifice has been tremendous growing, and gradually integrated into the daily lives of local people.