Research On Development Of Agricultural Science&Technology In Shaanxi Since1949

Science and technology is the first productivity. The development of agriculture andrural economy,the great improvement of the land utilization rate,labor productivity andcommodity rate,and the improvement of integral beneficial result,must rely on science andtechnology progress. On2005, Premier Wen Jiabao has noted,"development agriculture torely on policy,rely on investment,in the final analysis should rely on science andtechnology."Shaanxi is a big agricultural province,also be one of the birthplaces of Chineseagricultural science and technology. Shaanxi agricultural science and technologydevelopment,matter to the development of Shaanxi agriculture economy,the progress ofrural society and farmer standard of living rise,matter to western big development strategycarried out smoothly, but also the development of Chinese agricultural science andtechnology in miniature.Based on the relevant researches of the academe,this paper analyzes many problems byusing the State's Authoritative statistics,and applying the combination of research methods ofqualitative and quantitative analysis.Since1949,Shaanxi agricultural science and technology development has experiencedthree stages: initial stage,comprehensive fast development period and a new stage ofdevelopment.During1949to1978,the founding of some agricultural scientific research andpromotion organization,the social demand and the relative agricultural policy were themotivations of the development of agricultural science and technology. During this period,the achievements of agricultural science and technology mainly included: the introduction ofimproved varieties of crops,new technologies of livestock breeding,the improvement of cropcultivation techniques,new technologies of the prevention and control of animal and plant diseases and insect pests, fertilizer and soil improvement,new technologies in forestry,irrigation and water conservancy and water and soil conservation,and the application ofagricultural and forestry machinery popularization. During this period the development ofagricultural science and technology was characterized by: focusing on the research anddevelopment of high-yield technology, and forming a relatively complete system ofagricultural techniques popularization.During1979to1999, the policy's guidance and the rise of scientific researchinstitutions of higher learning effectively promoted the development of agricultural scienceand technology. During this period,agricultural science and technology achieved majorbreakthrough in farming, animal husbandry, forestry areas. During this period, thedevelopment of agricultural science and technology was characterized by: from the focus onproducing to change of integration of antenatal,in producing,postpartum；from payingattention to crop to transformation of integration of crop,quality,benefit.Since the year of2000, the incentive policies,the demonstration effect of Yangling cityand the contractual operation right of rural land,has been the motivations of the developmentof science and technology. During this period,crop breeding,prevention of plant diseases andinsect pests,and research on animal biotechnology made new progress,practical agriculturekey technologies obtained new breakthrough. During this period,the development ofagricultural science and technology was characterized by: Strengthening the research anddevelopment of the high-end technology, and constantly innovating the model ofagricultural techniques popularization.The development of agricultural science and technology in Shaanxi,promoted theincrease of peasants' incomes and the development of agricultural industrialization,alsoplayed an important role in environmental management.Through the study of development trends and existing problems of Shaanxi agriculturescience and technology,we must increase the government fiscal investment in agriculturalscience and technology,strengthen the education and training of agriculture science andtechnology personnel,deepen reform of the system of agricultural science and technology,and strengthen the exchanges and cooperation of the agricultural science and technology,which is the experience we draw from the research of agricultural science and technologyprogress in Shaanxi,and also the historical apocalypse from the agricultural development.