Study On The Reform Of The Separation Of Management And Running Of Public Welfare Institutions In China In The View Of Public Governance

"The view on deepening administrative restructuring", which passed by the Second Plenary Session of the Seventeenth Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party on February 28th, 2008, regarded the separation of management and running as the important principle in the promotion of the reform of public institutions, which will be intensified in the view of deepening the administrative restructuring, institutional innovating of public institutions'system and mechanism, and promoting public welfare undertaking development.In recent years, some areas in China accumulated some experience during the time when taking the public welfare reform actively. But the theory and practice of the connotation of separation of management and running are not clear, resulting the reform evolved into simple means, hard to avoid deviation reform aims and objectives. This paper tries to take the separation of management and running as institutional innovation, with public governance theory field and practice of administrative system reform, then discuss the conception and target of separation of management and running in our national public welfare undertakings, and give some corresponding countermeasures.This paper's main body contains seven chapters. The first chapter discusses the practical value and theoretical significance, defines the public welfare undertakings and institutions'basic concepts, reviews relevant research results of the reform, introduces the research approach, methods and possible innovation and limitations. The second chapter focuses on the analysis of the connotation of separation, puts forward the aim of separation up to institutional innovation level is to promote public welfare undertakings development, meets the social public welfare service demands for the first time. In fact its essence is to adjust and distribute the existing pattern of power and benefit allocation, to change the traditional one-way management to the multiple-way public governance, to reveal the internal consistency of the separation and separation of management, to make clear the relationship, and to discuss the internal and external factors of the necessity of separation from both sides. The third chapter expounds the connotation and features through public governance theory, points out that the essence of public governance is to build the coordinate relations of government, society, and market cooperation, to maximize public interests, and to respond to the aims and objectives of the reform. The fourth chapter takes view of consideration of 8 kinds of typical measures in the reform of our public welfare separation of management and running, analyzes comparatively the different patterns depending on the sponsor, separation degree and governance mode, judges three types'development orientation, examines the effectiveness and deficiency of reform, analyzes reasons which cause these problems from value concept, system arrangement and governance mechanism. The fifth chapter takes breakthrough point through foreign public hospital reform, considering measures of such reform in Britain, America, Hong Kong, compares the similarities and differences of the model, and discusses the reference to promote the reform of the separation of management and running. The sixth chapter discusses the basic concept of promoting public welfare undertakings development, through making clear the government orientation, increasing the government financial investment, strengthening the supervision and management, to build multivariate supply pattern of public service, to realize the goal of interactive counterbalance among the management of government, society and market. The seventh chapter puts forward the suggestions to promote reform through strengthening external management and internal management, referring to the prominent problems existing in current public welfare reform, meanwhile defines the operation strategy of strengthening top design, the first after the pilot and guiding society to participate.Along with the prosperity of the new public management movement around the world, Chinese administrative reform is moving from the traditional public administrative mode to the new public management era. This article finds mainly about: First, the traditional mode to promote the development of public welfare undertakings only by government is difficult to achieve the result, which must fully depends on the divisive power of government, society and market, the interactive counterbalance can promote the healthy development of public welfare; Second, the reform of separation of management and running in public welfare must change from a system of both management and running, completely abolish department bound to make real breakthroughs; Third, to push forward the reform positively and reliably, we must establish the right idea and target, take both measures from external governance and internal management. The might innovations of this paper concludes: First, researches the separation in a system level for the first time. Not only concerning different models in practice of the reform, but also paying more attention to the whole background of deepening the administrative system reform, analyzes the actual connotation of the separation comprehensively and systematically, makes clear its aims and objectives; Second, studies the separation of management and running which contains extremely practical value and theoretical significance in the view of public governance, points out the correspondence between public governance theory and the practice of separation of management and running, meanwhile puts forward creative thinking and some countermeasures; Third, using comparative research method, studies the conception and theoretical discussion, domestic practice and foreign experience for reference, and makes constructive results. Optimizing the allocation of resources, promoting development of public welfare institutions, meeting the demand of public service is inevitable demand of public welfare reform. Under the macroscopic background deepening the reform of the administrative system, building a service-oriented government, securing and improving the livelihood of the people, it is hard to achieve the result only by the government's single governance, public governance theory demands relationship between government and institutions change from administrative subordination into contract cooperation, promoting government, society and market to get a benign interaction and cooperation working relationship, maximizing the public interests. The separation of management and running reform in public welfare is institutional innovation reform which destroy the old and establish the new. Through all above, this paper tries to guide and drive the separation reform pilot better, to strengthen the inner vigor and development power of the institutions, to form multivariate supply pattern of the public service, and to meet the multi-level and diversify public service needs.