Rawls Theory Of Justice Inquiry

John Rawls proposed the concept of "Justice as Fairness" on the basis of criticizingutilitarianism and attempted to establish a democratic society based on moral foundationof "Justice as Fairness". He stressed the system of justice and raised two principles ofjustice. They are all innovation beyond the classical liberalism. This helps to resolve thesocial injustice in all areas of society. With the method of historical materialism, this thesiselaborates the theory of justice. On the one hand, it will promote scientific understandingof the concept of justice, put attention to the value of authentic justice and set uphumanized point of view on justice theory. On the other hand, with Rawls's basic positionas a starting point, from the perspective of Rawls' principles of justice, it will tapinspiration and meaning for building political civilization and harmonious society.Based on the core principles of justice theory, the dynamic perspective of thedevelopment of Rawls' theory of justice and some new achievement constitute this paper.First, by re-discussion and analysis, the paper demonstrates the value orientation of Rawls'two principles of justice so as to reveal the intrinsic motivation of his justice theory.Second, based on in-depth analysis of various arguments and response of Rawls' theory,the paper shows the true dynamic developing process and context of his theory of justice.Third, through analyzing by means of Marxist philosophy, the paper explores limit ofRawls' theory of justice as a kind of liberalism theory in order to make theoretical andintellectual support for development of today's China's social justice issues.Under the guidance of Marxist dialectical materialism and historical materialismtheory, the thesis uses the methodology including Historical backtracking method,Comprehensive comparison method and System analysis.