A Study On Political Participation Mechanism Of American Interest Group

Interest group is a type of social association, formed of people sharing common outlooks and interest, intended for participating in political process and influencing materialization of public policy or advancing their interest. The political participation mechanism of interest group is essentially a process in which interest group mobilizes its resources, takes effective measures, participates in governmental policy-making and influence its action, so as to materialize and maintain the interest represented.Mainly through congressional, administrative and juridical branches, American interest group exerts influence on policy-making results and the whole policy-making process. All parts of governmental public policy-making process can be used by interest group to exert their influence, constructing policy issues and setting agenda. For example, in the part of policy legitimatization, interest group can take various measures to make public policy evolve to their own interest; in the part of policy execution, interest group can supervise and monopoly policy adjustment; in the part of practical operation, interest group can actively comment on its results. American interest group influence American governmental policy-making by such means as lobbying government officials, participating election campaign, forming public opinion via mass media and leading demonstration.Pluralism of interest group has been a fact in China. At present, in an institutionalized way, Chinese interest group exert important influence on policy-making in china's political process, meanwhile, China's lagged political, economic and cultural development has restricted the interest expression of interest groups, which causes difficulty in China's social interest expression and makes it necessary for governments to perfect interest representative mechanism, strengthen self-construction and encompass various social interest, so as to maintain social stability. After several centuries'course of democratization, large amount of interest groups have come into being and begin to play an important role in influencing public policy-making. This article purports to elaborate on American interest group and their political participation mechanism, analyze the farmer's enlightenment on China's interest group research from such angles as interest-pursuing subject, interest-pursuing means and interest integration.