Marx Ecological Philosophy

This article is committed to the construction of ecological thoughts in Marxist philosophy. Marx put forward to the sprout of ecological thought in 《1844years of economic and philosophical manuscripts》. Because it is golden period in which Marx's era is the development of capitalism, and the ecological problems is not so serious. Therefore have not been able to draw Marxism researchers'attention. In the second industrial revolution later, emerged many research school who study ecological problem, such as anthropocentrism, non-anthropocentrism,the Frankfurt School, as well as Ecological Marxism research studies,with ecological problems becoming increasingly serious.The article is starting with the critique of anthropocentrism and non-anthropocentrism firstly, and critically inherit some point of view of ecological of the Frankfurt School. On this basis, through the interpretation of eco-Marxism, put forward the basic point of view of ecological thoughts in Marxist philosophy.Engels, in his book called "Dialectics of Nature " and repeatedly mentioned the relationship between man and nature, which are interdependency. From here,the article studies that how to balance the relationship between nature and man.In order to describe the relationship between man and nature, Marx proposed that the practice is the medium, which contact human with nature.The process of the world is also the process of exploring your activeness, which is the so-called practice. Therefore, when mentioned ecological problem,we must persist in the practical viewpoint. In addition,we should regard the relationship between man and nature as dialectical. On this basis, Marx proposed a point of view called communication practice. Marx's theory of communication, also start from the interaction of the critique of the capitalist system, pointed out that the communication of capitalist system is the reason which cause ecology damage, and then proposed to establish the system called co-ownership, to achieve the objective,called "human become real and conscious masters of the nature for the first time ".From the other angle of the view which is called human values, to analyze the relationship between man and nature. Marx is not only emphasize the principle of unity of science and value,but also grasp the " degree "of principle. He pointed out that human nature is labor. The premise of restore the relationship between man and nature is to rebuild the relationship between man and society, making the return of human nature, in order to realize harmonious coexistence between man and nature.Marx also put forward the concept of " material transformation ". Emphasize "reasonable regulation""common control ","rely on the least expenditure of energy" and other conditions in the production process,thus the purpose is obtaining natural resources can not be excessive, and can not discharge all kinds of waste excessively to nature. These conditions are coincides with modern environmental protection thinking.In addition, Marx analysis of the ecological crisis from the perspective of the human's alienation, which capitalist society caused. In the process of changing the world, human change the natural world into its own inorganic body, but alienated labor make the human loss external nature gradully, which consider as his inorganic body, at the same time, reality, emotional, personified nature become less and less control that human can not dominate.Through the analysis of ecological thoughts in Marxist philosophy, we have concludes that the capitalist system is the root of ecological crisis. Therefore, an effective way to solve the ecological crisis is to change the capitalist system, and construct ecological civilization. This is the revelation that ecological thought in Marxist historical materialism with regard to today's society.The text is based on observing and studing classical text of Marxism, then combine the main principle of marxism to socialism ecological construction,and analyse the reason which ecological problems become increasingly serious in China; and used to Marx's methodology, such as the main principles, the principles of sustainability, holistic principles, etc, to guide the practice of socialist construction.