The Comparation And Empirical Study Of Tax Burden Of Resource Enterprise

Resource enterprise upstream in the industry chain, its tax burden is not only the businesses of itself, but also will be passed to the downstream industries through the industrial chain, which will increase the tax burden of the downstream industries. With the increasing demand for resources, the contradictions between the economic and social development and the resources and environment have become increasingly prominent; the shortcomings of the irrational tax structure, the fees on behalf of the taxes and unfair tax burden becomes increasingly obvious; the conflicts about local economic development and people travel become more acute, so its urgent to optimize the tax structure to co-ordinate the interests of all, to promote harmony and development among enterprise, regional and social. But, what is the level of the tax burden of resource enterprise in our states? Where is position of this level all over the world? What factors affect the tax burden of resources enterprise? To solve these problems, this paper starts from the historical origin and development of resources tax, combs the existing tax policy of resources enterprise, compares the resources enterprise's tax burden with abroad's, other industry, and within the resource industry, and analyzes the factors affect the tax burden of through establishing linear regression model, and uses empirical research methods to test the mechanism of these factors to tax burden in resources enterprise.Around this problem, the logical orders of this paper are arranged as follows:The first part is an introduction; this part lists the research questions, defines the key concepts, shows the significance and illustrates the logical structure.The second part is literature review; this part starts form the empirical data at home and abroad, collates and analyzes the ideas about the reform of resource tax, the adjustments on common tax and the optimization to tax structures. The third part is the research about the existing tax structure of resources enterprise; this part describes the evolution of resource tax from a historical perspective, and then summarizes our current tax policy to show the status of tax structure.The fourth part is the comparison of tax structure; this part compares tax burdens with foreign resources enterprise, and with domestic other industries, and within the resources industry itself to find out what level our resources enterprise is.The fifth part is the empirical analysis to the impact of resources enterprise's tax burden; this part checks the relationship between the resources enterprise's tax burden and its impact factors through establishing the linear regression model. And according to the result, indicates how government and resources enterprise should change its tax policies and management to achieve the reasonable tax burden.The sixth part is conclusion; this part summarizes main ideas of the whole paper, points out the limitations and future research directions.The results of the comparison is,(1)the tax burden of domestic resources enterprise is higher than the abroad's.(2)the tax burden of resources enterprise is higher than other industries in china(except of the financial circles and the Real Estate).(3)there are differences within resource industry, the tax burden in coal mining industry and oil and gas exploration industry is higher than ferrous metal mining industry and Non-ferrous mining industry, however, the rate of subsidies is the opposite trend.(4)the tax burden of resource enterprise in western is higher than central and eastern(except of the income tax, business tax, LAT, special tax), some taxes even several times of central and eastern. The total tax burden in central is higher because of the existence of the consumption tax and special oil income levy, and the total tax burden in western is almost equal with eastern's.(5)the tax burden of this kind of resource enterprise belong to nations is higher than these belong to local nations or private.This paper tests the relationship between the tax burden of resource enterprise and its impact factors through establishing the regression model. And the empirical results show that: the tax burden of resource enterprise has no significant linear relationship with income tax, VAT, assets level, investment income, has significantly negative correlation with the capital structure, and has significantly linear relationship with profitability, management and resource tax. In details : (1)the more liabilities the resource enterprise has, the lighter tax burden it will takes, because the liabilities have the way to offset the tax burden.(2)the more profitability, the higher tax burden.(3)the better management, the lighter tax burden.(4)the higher resource tax burden, the higher the total tax burden.For the empirical results, provides some policy recommendations: (1) Reform of the existing resource taxes and fees. Enlargeing the range of resource tax and consumption tax, lowering the tax rates of these two taxes; mergeing the resource taxes and fees.(2) Adding water resource tax, waste disposal or garbage tax, noise tax and so on.(3)Adjusting VAT. Merge the VAT and the business tax; relaxation the standard of general taxpayer of value-added tax; adjust the tax rebate policy of export to improve the export competitiveness in the international market.(4) Improveing the management level of resource enterprise.The innovation of this paper are:(1)Comparaing the tax burden between domestic resource enterprise and abroad's both in system and quantity.(2) Digging depthly the resource enterprice's financial reporting, finding out its tax burden and the tax burden of every taxes.(3) Considering the management and resources tax when empiricing the affect factors of resource enterprise's tax burden.The limitations of this paper are:(1) The impact factors of resources enterprise don't consider the Government's macro-control, and use ?manege expenses / operating income'to stand for level of management, maybe is the one-sidedness. Beside that, there maybe exsit some other factors to effect tax burden.(2) Have no quantify comparatiom to resources tax reform contrasted in Xinjiang.(3) Tax burden is not only economic burden to resource enterprise, but also lead to psychological burden to shareholeers and manegement, however, this paper only discusses the economic burden, without considering the psychological burden. Hope that future studies could have more depthly and comprehensive understanding to these questions.