Research On The Structural Adjustment Of Agricultural Surplus Labor Force In Different Regions

Based on socio-economic factors, geographic environment, cultural literacy and other differences, China's labor force, especially surplus labor in agriculture,gets to be congenitally balanced in the regional distribution, combining with a gradual increase economic level and the traffic conditions continue to improve, the mobility of our residents continue to improve, structural imbalances of agricultural area in the labor surplus is paid more attention. In recent years, rural people left behind, "labor shortage" and other issues are conclusive evidences. The distribution of agricultural surplus labor force is not balanced, which not only manages to bring a range of social problems to the local authorities, but also is bound to further impede the efficiency of agricultural production, and thus how to adjust to optimize the allocation of agricultural surplus labor in different areas, which aims to increase the agricultural efficiency in the use of human capital, will bear the brunt of a scholar of China's agriculture who faces an important proposition.The paper,on the one hand,makes a comparation and an analysis of different definition of surplus agricultural labor force in the academic research, combined with the actual situation of China's agricultural development, re-defines a more reasonable definition of agricultural surplus labor force,which aims to lay foundation for a measure of the amount of agricultural surplus labor using efficiency wage model; the other hand, intend to use cluster analysis to explore and demonstrate the regional distribution characteristics of agricultural surplus labor force, and then develop a preliminary program that to improve the allocative efficiency of agricultural surplus labor as the goal of adjusting China's agricultural surplus labor force in the regional structural.Studies have shown that, China's agricultural surplus labor, from the historical time series point of view, shows "M"-type development trend, whose number has possibilities of continuing to reduce. From the total point of view, the number of 2008 is about 120 million, so the task of transfering is very difficult. Point of view from the geographical distribution, agricultural surplus labor force is mainly in the eastern developed areas of China. Using cluster analysis to explore the feasibility of programs of the adjustment of agricultural surplus labor force in regions, empirical results show that ,under the distribution of surplus agricultural labor force in the current situation, if aiming to improve the efficient use of surplus labor resources, the overall agricultural surplus labor in economically developed eastern coastal areas shall be transferred to the central and western regions.How to further determine the amount of surplus labor in the agricultural areas, establish a dynamic monitoring platform, control the characteristics and distribution of agricultural surplus labor force in real time, and then use a reasonable effective policy to transfer agricultural surplus labor,and get the maximum effectiveness of agricultural human capital, is still a relatively difficult and meaningful and challenging projects, worthing agricultural researchers to discuss and explore.In short, the reasonable adjustment of distribution of agricultural surplus labor force in different areas may reduce or even solve the structural imbalance,which also has a very important significance in the development of China's rural economy, improving agricultural efficiency of using human capital, and increasing their income, building modern agriculture, and achieving a harmonious well-off society.