A Comparative Analysis And Performance Appraisal On Trade Policy In Service Between China And Japan

Along with the development of economy and deep reconstruction of industry throughout the world since the 1960',the tertiary industry plays an more and more important part in the economy growing in each country, even become the pillar industry in some countries. Especially in the developed world, almost all the emerging industries are belonging to the tertiary industry, and contribute a lot to the economic growth. Because of the dramatic growth of the tertiary industry, the international service trade accelerates rapidly and take up a higher proportion in the international trade. The international trade in 2009 amounted to $31.534 trillion, of which trade in services amounted to $6.426 trillion, accounting for 20.4% of the international trade. The share of trade in services in many developed countries accounts for more than 20% in the international trade. In United States, international trade in 2009 amounted to $3.462 trillion, of which trade in services to the $801 billion, accounted for 23.1%. As the largest developed country in Asia, the exports of trade in services are growing fast in Japan, especially in 2008,the export of trade in services reached its highest point with $318.3 billion, accounted for 22.1% in international trade in Japan. Because of small land area, the tertiary industry plays an extraordinary role in the national economy, and when formulating economy policies, the Japan government always attach high important on tertiary industry. For example, Japan lay down the" Sightseeing nations" in 1980s',made the tourism industry as the major methods of recovering the national economy. Along with the high development of international trade in services, the trade in services in China also grows fast. The total export-import volume of China in 2009 reached $286.7 billion, outnumbered that of Japan whose volume was $270 billion in 2009. Although the total volume of export-import in China has exceed that of Japan, The tertiary industry still has many problems. For example, though the tertiary industry grow fast, many departments focus on resource intensive and labor intensive industries, such as tourism, transportation and construction industry; the next major problem is the low degree of openness. The Chinese government makes lots of restrictions on tertiary industry market access especially on the Chinese-foreign joint venture enterprise. Economic ties between the two countries has been more closely and frequent, mutual influence is becoming bigger, and the policy that Japan government made has an strong instructive sense for China. So, it is necessary to compare the two countries on the polices of tertiary industry, to find out the difference and gap between them, and to provide referential suggestions to the tertiary industry policy making in China.In such situation, this paper focus on researching the tertiary industry policy in both China and Japan, aims to provide referential suggestions to the tertiary industry policy making in China. There are four major pars in this paper:the first pars is going to present the overall policy of tertiary industry policy in both China and Japan under the WTO framework, especially the tertiary industry market access restriction policy, including transportation, tourism, finance, construction and communication market access restriction; the next part is about to analyzing the Industry support policy of the two countries on transportation, tourism, finance, construction and communication industry; the third part is the appraisal of the policy of the two country; Finally, four suggestions are made, such as attaching more importance on tertiary industry, enhancing the law building and coordinated development among the different departments.The innovation in this paper is systematic analysis of the policy between China and Japan, not only an single area of the tertiary industry. And then making empirical test on the trade policy of both country, pointing the success and failure of the trade policy which made in both country, and put forward suggestions of trade policy for Chinese Government. Due to problems in access to data and as well as limitation of my skills, the study in this paper is still suffering defects:on one hand, some data is old and some are missing, along with absence of certain graphs and detailed interpretations; on the other hand, suggestions may be a bit vague because of over-emphasize on the width and ignorance of specification and depth. Those are to be improved in the future.