| Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region is an important ecological barrier in northwest China, with a fragile ecological environment, but also contains important forests, grasslands, as well as minerals and other important resources. Since the reform and opening up, to support the country and the regional economic construction, Ningxia increased the efforts to exploit natural resource and achieved a great leap in economic growth, however, the attendant environmental problems are also emerging and becoming increasingly serious, which to some extent, restricted the the development of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. In response to this grim situation, Ningxia began the implementation of ecological compensation, and on this basis, Ningxia has established a variety of ecological compensation system, and one by one, it realized the construction of forest ecological compensation, mineral resources ecological compensation and grassland ecological compensation project, and achieved significant ecological and economic benefits. Ningxia ecological compensation has internalized the externalities of the environment pollution, combined the economic interests and environmental interests that motivate people to more actively engage in the activities of the protection of ecological resources. Using the related economic interests to promote the implementation of ecological compensation, thus not only promoted the overall development of the regional socio-economic, but also increased farmers' income, reduced the gap between rich and poor, and produced a positive social impact to the development of the entire western region.However, in the process of implementation of ecological compensation, there are some problems:inadequate fiscal mechanisms and narrow financial access of ecological compensation caused the lost of a reliable funding base; the lag legal construction can not provide reliable protection; and due to the defects of the system, making the mass base of ecological compensation weak as well as the government's lack of enthusiasm in the implementation.Based on quantitative and qualitative analysis, this study analyzed the status quo of ecological compensation practices in Ningxia, combing the experience of the implementation of ecological compensation in Ningxia, through the analysis of the problem in the implementation of ecological compensation, the paper proposed the advice to improve the local ecological compensation. The first chapter introduced the theoretical basis of ecological compensation, including the financial theory and ecological compensation theory; in second chapter, we combed the experience of the implementation of ecological compensation projects in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, focusing on the analysis of the effect of forest ecological compensation; chapter three conducted an in-depth analysis of the problems of Ningxia ecological compensation from the perspective of economic problems and social problems; the last chapter proposed recommendations for the ecological compensation in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.As the leading representative of the environmental engineering, Ningxia ecological compensation has played an important role in environmental improvement as well as economic and social development. The ecological compensation in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region not only provide important ideas for the improvement of environment and economic development in China's minority areas, and also is an important reference to the achievement of social fairness and justice. At the same time, this study also enriches the content of ecological economics and national economics, with significant and abundant academic value. |
