Sustainable Livelihood Analysis Of The Suburban Landless Peasants In The Urbanization Process

During the rapid urbanization and industrialization process in China, demand for urban housing and non-agricultural land is increasing, and most of agricultural land is conversion to urban land. For now, the total amount of landless peasants in China has more than40million, It is estimated that by the end of2020, there will be more than4,000people get into the ranks of the landless peasants. To the farmers, when the land had been taken, they became a loss of urban residents at the moment. It is a significant and realistic problem that how to make the livelihoods of landless peasants sustainably. Our country is still in a rapid development of industry and urbanization in the next few decades, but the hidden behind the problem is not to be neglected. If we want to obtain win-win situation for the city's development and the protection of peasants rights, it is necessary to use a sustainable development perspective to analyze a series of problems of the landless peasants in the current process of urbanization, and solve the various contradictions reasonably in the land acquisition process.Through interviewing and fieldwork for the suburban landless farmers which in Hebei Province, this article can understand the current situation and problems for survival of the landless peasants, and analyze the factors which restrict the sustainable livelihoods of landless peasants from island compensation, job placement, four aspects of social security and livelihood capital. At last, the author use the transaction costs and public choice theories, and combined with sustainable livelihoods theory analysis in the framework of livelihood capital, makes in-depth investigations respectively on resettlement policies on the employment of sustainable livelihoods, land property rights system, as well as land acquisition and compensation system, finally summarizes the ways of the sustainable livelihoods of landless peasants can choose:To promote reform and improve the current system of land property, clear the main body of the rural land property rights, adhere to the unity of the subject; to improve the standard of compensation for land acquisition within reasonable limits, improve the mode of land compensation.