The Current Situation, Problems And Countermeasures Of Luomahu Wetland

In this paper, the history, fisheries resources, surrounding environmental conditions, functions and existing problems of Luomahu wetland were investigated. Meanwhile some suggestions on resolution of these problems were also provided.Luomahu wetland has375square kilometers area, which locates in the north of Jiangsu province between N34°00′-34°14′and E118°6′-118°16′. It developed into a lake since1958and now is the third largest freshwater lake in huaihe basin area under concurrent jurisdiction of Suyu District and Xinyi County, Lake management and hydro project construction were accomplished during1949to1958.and now it functions as flood prevention, irrigation, shipping, hydroelectric generation and fisheries. It is a plain-type reservoir-lake characteristic of high water level difference and water change frequency and acts as a water-carrying lake.The fishery resources of Luomahu wetland are very rich. There are102kinds of phytoplankton distribute among88genera of8phylum. There are67kinds of zooplanktons, include38rotifer species,17cladocera species and12copepods species. There are21kinds of higher plants can be divided into emerged plants, floating plants, floating-leaved plants and submerged plants according to their ecological characters. There are26kinds of benthic creatures can be classified into3annelid species,16mollusk species and7arthropod species. There are56kinds of fish species distribute among16families of9orders. There are35kinds of cyprinid fish account for62.5%of all the fish species;4kinds of ice fish, while the rest of fish species are no more than2species. The canal connected with Luomahu wetland also links Yangtze River, so the majority of the fish species is cyprinid fish. More than10kinds of freshwater shrimp were found. Among them, indigenous shrimps are Macrobrachium nipponense、Palaemon modestus(Heller)、Aridina serrata、Caridina nilotica gracilipes、Procambarus Clarkii and introduced shrimp is Procambarus clarkii. Three mitten crabs species were recorded,49kinds of birds were found,44.7%of them were passerine and52.8%were brigade birds. Among these birds, Great Bustard, white stork and black stork are the state1st-class protected birds and geese and mallard are provincial protected birds. The main problems existing in Luomahu wetlands are poor technology in wetland management and protection, imperfect monitoring system due to the lack of enough monitoring points, delay of publicity and education on wetland protection, unscientific classification of wetland and shortage of special fund for wetland protection. Furthermore, serious environmental pollution in the wetland, introduced species invasion and sand ecological damage caused by excavation in lake area also contribute to these problems.The following points have been recommendations on the Luomahu wetland protection. The governments should attach great importance to Luomahu wetland protection, take a protection plan. Luomahu wetland protection should put the strategic position of effect economic and social development. Local television, newspapers, Internet and other media shound publicize the importance of wetlands through various forms; improve the conservation awareness of Luomahu wetland. Establish and improve various policies and regulations about Luomahu wetland. Strengthen the competence of Luomahu management Committee and the management. Establish and improve various oversight mechanisms, strengthening public oversight and supervision by public opinion.Through the background of Luomahu wetland, the main problems of Luomahu wetland and the related measures, there are have a positive promotion to the scientific management of wetlands, the eco-tourism of Luomahu wetland and the leisure culture.