Design Of Intelligent Charging And Discharging Controller For Battery Based On Single-chip Computer

Traditional battery charger has simple structure, charging control consists of analog control mode, so the charging method cannot adjust the charging method according to the battery state of charge. Additionally, there is no charging process monitoring and protection function, it cannot meet the battery charging in unmanned monitoring. As the digital signal processing technology is increasingly improved, microcontroller unit price rises ceaselessly, battery charging control is changing from analog control to digital control. Digital control of the battery charging system can realize various complex control methods, and it can also monitors and displays the battery charging process, improves the flexibility of the system, reduces the volume of the system. Meanwhile, the life expectancy of the battery is extended efficiently.This thesis designs an intelligent charging and discharging controller for12V lead-acid battery based on ATmega16single-chip microcomputer controller. The design process of hardware circuit is described in detail, including charge and discharge circuit, detection circuit, display circuit, control circuit. The working principle of hardware circuit, the charging control method and realization process of the software are thoroughly explained. The battery intelligent charging and discharging controller controls the charging and discharging process, which consists of the trickle charging process, large current charging, constant voltage charging and float charging mode, to solve the common technical problems of battery charger. The charging current can be adjusted according to states of battery. With perfect protection device, the controller can appropriately increase the charging rate, as well as protect the battery effectively.Experimental results show that the design of the battery intelligent charging and discharging controller, can effectively realize the trickle charging, large current charging, constant voltage charging and float charging four charging process. The charger with high efficiency, short adjusting time and good charging characteristics, makes the battery cycle life is longer, can meet the complex charge battery requirements. With the merits above, the device designed has good application prospects, could provide a new way to improve the performance and reliability of the battery.