Study On Solar Charging Controller

With the growing world energy shortage and the strengthening of environmental awareness, the use of new energy has rapidly entered people's lives. As a new green energy, solar energy has been widely recognized. Generally, solar energy should be stored in the battery after the conversion, but the combination of these two aspects needs single-chip's control, and is realized by a hardware circuit, this will require an intermediary - Charging Controller. Currently on the market there are many charging controllers, this paper has also done research in this area.For the current solar charging controller's insufficient protection to the battery, the battery's life span is shortened, this paper has researched and identified a kind of solar charging controller program based on single-chip Atmega48. It has analyzed in the aspects of charging mode between solar energy and battery, the controller's functional requirements and the practical application, and completed the hardware circuit design, algorithm research and software development, it has achieved the scientific management of battery, and the solar charging controller has been used in street lamps, realized the street lamps functions.First, the paper analyzes the lead-acid battery's charging process and discharging process, various factors that infect the lead-acid battery's life, and identifies the whole design program of the solar charging controller. Second, it completes the design of the controller's hardware and the mapping of the circuit board, the controller controls the MOS by controlling the PWM output of single-chip Atmega48, then realizes the charging control. Third, it researches and analyzes the algorithm and programming, the software realizes the sufficient charging protection, overload protection, temperature compensation, and so on. Finally, the charging controller is applied in the solar street lamp, and it analyzes every part's main functions, and installs and test, the solar street lamp work normally.After field testing and experimentation, the solar charging controller has reached the desired results, and the controller is used in the actual occasions, the controller normally work.