Study Of Ru Kiln In The Northern Song Dynasty

Ru is known as the five famous kilns with Official, Jun, Ge and Ding in the Northern Song Dynasty. It’s called Ru kiln because of its location Ruzhou in ancient times. Ru ware is famous for its production of celadon, it also has some imitation products of other kilns.The archaeological findings reveal that the Ru ware products were made of two parts:one part is designed for the Northern Song court, Ru site of the official kilns were confirmed through archaeological excavations in Qingliangsi, Baofeng; Another part is for the majority of civilian which was centered in Ruzhou. In addition, there were also some Ru kiln sites in the western, southern and northern parts of Henan province. There were Yiyang Jinpingshan kiln, Xinan Chengguan kiln in western Henan, Neixiang Dayaodian kiln in southern Henan, Jiaozuo kiln, Hebi Ji kiln and Anyang Shanying kiln in northern Henan.Ru firing time limit can be divided into the Ru kilns firing time limit and Ru official kiln firing time limit two areas:the upper limit of the Ru kilns in the Northern Song Dynasty in the early years, which brought Jianlong first year (960), the lower limit of the Yuan Dynasty; Ru official kiln firing age limit not later than the Shenzong (1078-1085) years, the lower limit Huizong zhenghe (1111-1118) years.Northern Song Dynasty kilns furnace structure for bread kiln, during the Northern Song Dynasty Ru kilns use of coal as fuel, Ru kiln is still using firewood as fuel. In the Ru production area in kiln have workshops and other supporting facilities. Ru production and firing tools has the sagger, the support nails, washers, pads cake, grinding roller, minzi, impression, grinder, huozhao, etc.The northern Song Dynasty Ru ware design diversity and folk porcelain types compared to official Ru kilns, Ru official kiln richer furnishings. Ru clay soil is fine, tire quality hard, gray. Ru official porcelain glazes for high alumina low-silica glaze, Ru porcelain sky blue best. Ru glaze crystal, fine opening piece, delimit or decorative printing flower pattern. Ru official kiln porcelain decoration only decorated with glaze, glaze and to win; Ru kilns porcelain decoration is more abundant. According to the goods handed down and archaeological excavations, the development of the Northern Song Dynasty Ru can be divided into the early Northern Song Dynasty, the middle of North Song Dynasty, late Northern Song Dynasty in three stages.The Ceramics Industry of the origin of the Northern Song Dynasty kiln and the Central Plains are inseparable, especially Lushan Duandian kiln from the shape characteristics, process characteristics, glazing method, firing on the Ru ware a greater impact. Northern Song Ru ware and Yue, Cizhou, Jun, Yaozhou a very close relationship, and learn from each production process, and imitation products burning kilns kilns.Finally, the prosperity of the Northern Song Dynasty kiln were also discussed. This article In addition to the stable social background, the development of commodity economy and handicraft production in the Northern Song Dynasty laid the basis for the development of Ru In addition, the social climate of the Northern Song period, heavy agricultural base to change people’s lifestyles change and cultural qualities have also been to improve these factors promote the development and prosperity of the Ru. This paper summarizes the previous research results, combined with historical records and archaeological data, a comprehensive study of Northern Song Dynasty kiln.