Scientific Analysis And Research Of Cizhou Kiln Unearthed In The Lower Reaches Of Zhanghe River In Handan,Hebei Province

Cizhou kiln is one of the most famous folk porcelain kilns in northern China.Yezi kiln and Guantai kiln are also the more important kiln sites in the lower reaches of Zhanghe River.In 2015,the archaeological excavation of the kiln found the strata of the kiln in the Tang Dynasty,which overthrew the traditional view that Cizhou kiln in the Zhanghe River Basin were first burned in the early Northern Song Dynasty,and advanced the porcelain burning history of Cizhou kiln in the Zhanghe River Basin by one generation,indicating that the kilns in the Zhanghe River Basin had formed a certain scale at least in the late Tang Dynasty.The kiln scale and product quality of the kiln are far better than the Guantai kiln site,so the kiln should be the central kiln in the Zhanghe River basin at that time.However,there is still little research on Yezi kiln site,and scientific and technological archaeology needs to be carried out urgently.This paper carries out scientific analysis and research on the samples of Yezi kiln and Guantai kiln to reveal its inner technology and cultural connotation.In this paper,the unearthed porcelain from Yezi kiln as the main research object,and combined with the unearthed porcelain from Guantai kiln for a comparative study,The water absorption,firing temperature and chemical element composition of samples and kiln were measured by boiling method,thermal expansion ator and energy spectrometer.A preliminary understanding of the water absorption rate of the sample porcelain tire,the firing temperature of the porcelain and the chemical element composition of the tire glaze in Cixian Yezi kiln and Guantai kiln.The measurement data are further analyzed to restore the production process,development and evolution law and internal characteristics of the Yezi kiln and Guantai kiln from the internal attributes of the utensils.The sample data of Yezi kiln and Guantai kiln are compared,and the differences and the reasons for these differences are analyzed.The following main conclusions are obtained in this paper:1.The chemical composition of the porcelain tires of the samples of Yezi kiln and Guantai kiln is consistent with the composition of the local green soil,indicating that the porcelain raw materials of Yezi kiln and Guantai kiln are the local soil and the local green soil.2.Due to the high content of Mg and Fe in the porcelain tire,the burned porcelain tire is white with gray.3.The aluminum-silicon ratio of porcelain samples of Yezi kiln was higher in the Song and Jin dynasties.In the aluminum-silicon ratio of Guantai kiln samples,the Song Dynasty was higher than that in other regions.Perhaps during this period,the craftsmen adjusted the ratio of porcelain making slightly.4.In the Song Dynasty,coal was used as the combustion raw material of the kiln.In the Song and Jin dynasties,the firing temperature increased significantly compared with the previous period.The research provides an important basis for the historical research of Yezi kiln and Guantai kiln,and the measured scientific data can be used for reference in the subsequent research.