A Study On "小+V/A" Structure In Oral Language Except Idioms

The “小+V/A” Structure in Oral Language except Idioms is more common inspoken Chinese in recent years.Existing specialized research on “小” is kind ofseldom, the study also mainly focuses on “小” as typical adjectives.In article《现代汉语中“小”+形容词词组研究》“小” modifying adjectives phenomenonwas discussed, but the research does not cover the phenomenon of “小”modifies the verb.The author do the study on the basis of previous studies, andlauch it from the three planes of semantic,syntax and pragmatics. I would liketo solve some problems of this kind of structure,like its expressionmeaning,how to survival in syntactic, what kind of pragmatic meaning it hasand so on. I hope to get to the systematic understanding of this structure.This thesis includes five parts.The first part is the introduction,including explanation of the topic,the goaland meaning of the research,the research present situation,and innovationand shortcomings of this paper.The second part borrows the previous frame, to define the object of thisresearch, and to develop the definition of standards and methods of operation.The third part lauches the research on “小+V”structure from the semantic,syntactic, pragmatic.In this structure, the atypical adjective “小” modifies verb, often expressesthe following semantic:”short time”,”a little, small scale”,”humble”,”informal,optional”. In this section the semantic source of “小” in “小+V” structure isdiscussed.In syntactic, the author examines the verb classification that can get into the“小+V”structure except idioms. I come to the conclusion that only thecontinuous action verbs and state verbs can get into the format. The syntacticsurvival of “小”+continuous action verb and “小”+state verbs aresummarized.In pragmatic, the author examines the “小+V” structure’s using context,andits breaking through the using context. I classificate the pragmatic meaning of this structure:one is the objective description of the movements, but with acertain color;two is to weaken the action of subjective.I explain the weakeningeffect of “小” with the politeness principle.The fourth part lauches the research on “小+A” structure from the semantic,syntactic, pragmatic.In this structure, the atypical adjective “小” modifies adjective, oftenexpresses the semantic of”a little, small scale”. In this section the semanticsource of “小” in “小+A” structure is also discussed.In syntactic, the author examines the adjective classification that can get intothe “小+A” structure except idioms. I come to the conclusion that only thenature adjectives can get into the format. The syntactic survival of “小”+natureadjectives as predicate composition and the together appearing of “小”and “大”as opposition are summarized.In pragmatic, the author examines the “小+A” structure’s using context andclassificates the pragmatic meaning of this structure:one is the objectivedescription of the movements, but with a certain color;two is to weaken theaction of subjective.I study the weakening effect of “小” from the perspective ofnegative adjectives and positive adjective.I also explain the weakening effectof “小” with the politeness principle.The fifth part is the conclusion, summarizes the conclusion of this paper, andan analysis of its meaning and value.