The Study On Possibility Complement In Teaching Chinese As A Foreign Language

Possibility complement is the unique and important constituent in modern Chinese.and it is also one of the common communication structures in normal people’s daily life in China. But for foreign students who study Chinese,it’s not like that all, it is a difficult point to grasp.In the meantime, it is also an inevitable grammar structure for foreigner language learners during the process of learning Chinese.But actually, in many other languages, we may not find its corresponding structure that indicates the same meaning showing possibility, there isn’t Possibility complement in their mother language.So it’s totally a new grammar for them,they use the measures of morphological process and fixed sentence structures to express the meaning of "possibility",then to take the place of possibility complement,and so do the location and significance of that expression. While for foreign students,the possibility meanings that the corresponding measures convey in their language are easy to be confused with the implications that "neng"、"keyi" convey in Chinese.So the possibility complement is a grammar point where errors appear easily,and then got the reason caused by them..Through the collection of the compositions of foreign students and compiling the questionsheets for the investigation of possibility complement, in the meantime,with the sense of phrases, and referring to the grammar knowledge,I found that there are some common errors on possibility complement when foreign students prone to use possibility complement.Then according to property,considering from the standard mathematical methods, errors of using Possibility Complement can be devided into four parts:missing,misplug,,wrong substitution and wrong sequence.After this, starting from the research made by the predecessors,various kinds of textbooks,language teachers, effects of transfer of mother tongue, students’learning strategies,etc. we can go on our further study on the cause of the errors produced shows concrete causes presented below:problems of teaching material of contemporary Chinese language,failure during the teaching process made by the language teacher,the negtive attitude of the language learner when they a new grammar,Chinese own research and so on.Especially considering the grammar of Possibility Complement in the teaching materials,that they often use "neng"、"keyi"to explain this grammar,I did a specific analysis on Possibility Complement and then found the result to show the difference between those three words,and the law on the exchange.of the verb and the verb structure.When expressed in subjective conditions or objective conditions, allow a certain result or trends or to achieveness,it is free use these three ways,V+C, neng+verb+results complement/complement, keyi+verb+results complements/directional complement.But we often choose neng+verb+results complement/directional complement,or keyi+verb+resultative complements/directional complement. When expressed in subjective conditions or objective conditions that do not allow a certain result, or tendency to occur or to achieve,or there is no possibility to realize the results or trends,we can not use V+bu+C. When the expression of doubt, all three forms can successfully express the meaning of the sentence. V de/bu C structures is much more normal than the structure of "bunengVC. deny that the form of frequency is much higher than the positive form, and used for oral, written, or in a formal setting, choose "not C" or "V C" instead. Possible complement of V have the form/not questioned, and often will certainly negative form on the same time, questions can be interchanged with buneng+verb structure.Then, for the results of the instructional design, including the overall design of the teaching goals, priorities and difficulties in teaching methods, teaching process, and specific teaching cases designed.