Lost From Freedom To The Cross-road

Liberationist intellectuals, originally, refer to intellectuals who have spirit of independent personality and consciousness of free criticism, and respect equality and liberal ideas. As the product of western liberalism, it was officially introduced to China with Liberalism in the May fourth period. Once combined with social historical context, the concept of Liberationist intellectuals was not perceived as the original meaning. In China, Liberal intellectuals are divided into three types:one is the Petty Bourgeoisie Intellectuals represented by Zhu Ziqing; the second is Chinese typical liberationist elite intellectuals represented by Hu Shi; the third is New Confucianism moral individual activists represented by Liang Shumin.From1927to1949, Petty Bourgeoisie Intellectuals, such as Zhu Ziqing and Creation Society, and liberationist elite intellectuals, such as Hu Shi and Ding Wenjiang, made the historical decision to move from ivory tower to the cross road under the circumstances of war, or directly participated in politics through joining the party and compiling political literatures. They had already given up their original belief and turned to attach the "left-leaning" and "right-leaning" politics. There are mainly two reasons for this turn. The one is that Liberalism itself has the internal requirement for the "rules" and when the society has undertaken any revolution, they are destined to seek for the proper political method to make the society stable. The other is that the affinity among Chinese Liberalism, Socialism and Democracy—the mutual values altogether drove the turn. In addition, other reasons are the sense of responsibility promoted by Confucianism, the dual-character of intellectuals since ancient times and the pursuit of "inside saint and outside king" spirit. However, the specific sense of scholar-tyrants and original sin made them willing to gain the political power.After the turn, liberalism intellectuals had experienced identity crisis and identity crisis of discourse rules. They were struggling between the ideal and the realitv. and between the doctrine and the time. Eventually, they tended to the edge of the lost. Facing the reality of rational dissipation and value dissipation, their anxiety and fear could be imagined. In the process of pursuing identity, they were trying to settle down. To solve intellectuals’mental anxiety, this paper states several strategies:first, make sure that intellectuals are mentally independent; second, make sure the original state of intellectuals’discourse form, and form contract with history; third, reconstruct the relationship between intellectuals freedom and professionalism, which means that to be an intellectual that is both moral and intellectual, both academic and hermit, and can balance the interaction between these two elements. Establish a harmonious political and literature field to enable intellectuals stay in a positively interactive state.This has always been a concern for the academic circles, however, more constructive and effective strategies are still needed for solving the problems.